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  1. Canadian Aviation Regulations - SOR/96-433 (Section 401.05)
    Regulations Respecting Aviation and Activities Relating to Aeronautics
    •  (1) Despite any other provision of this Subpart, no holder of a flight crew permit, licence or rating, other than the holder of a flight engineer licence, shall exercise the privileges of the permit, licence or rating unless

      • (a) the holder has acted as pilot-in-command or co-pilot of an aircraft within the five years preceding the flight; or

    • (2) Despite any other provision of this Subpart, no holder of a flight crew permit or licence, other than the holder of a flight engineer licence, shall exercise the privileges of the permit or licence in an aircraft unless the holder

      • [...]

      • (b) where a passenger other than a flight test examiner designated by the Minister is carried on board the aircraft, has completed, within the six months preceding the flight,

        • (i) in the case of an aircraft other than a glider or a balloon, in the same category and class of aircraft as the aircraft, or in a Level B, C or D simulator of the same category and class as the aircraft, at least

          [...]

    • (3) No holder of a Canadian pilot licence endorsed with an instrument rating or to which is attached instrument rating privileges shall exercise the privileges of the instrument rating unless the holder has successfully completed, within the 24 months preceding the flight, one of the following:

      • (a) an instrument rating flight test in an aircraft or in a Level B, C or D simulator of the same group as the aircraft;

      • [...]

      • (c) an instrument proficiency check that complies with the applicable requirements of subsection 421.05(1) of Standard 421 – Flight Crew Permits, Licences and Ratings and that

        • [...]

        • (ii) was conducted in

          • (A) an aircraft of the same group as set out in subsection 421.46(1) of Standard 421 that met the requirements of section 605.18, or

          • (B) a flight simulation training device that was approved for instrument rating flight tests and configured for aircraft of the same group as set out in subsection 421.46(1) of Standard 421, and

        • (iii) was conducted by any of the following persons who hold a valid instrument rating for aircraft of the same group as set out in subsection 421.46(1) of Standard 421:

          [...]

    • (3.1) No holder of a Canadian pilot licence endorsed with an instrument rating or to which is attached instrument rating privileges shall exercise the privileges of the instrument rating unless, following the first day of the 13th month after the completion date of a test referred to in subsection (3) and within six months before the flight, the holder has

      • [...]

      • (b) completed six instrument approaches in an aircraft in actual or simulated instrument meteorological conditions, or in a Level B, C or D simulator or an approved flight training device configured for the same category as the aircraft

        • [...]

        • (ii) while acting as a flight instructor conducting training in respect of the endorsement of a flight crew licence or permit with an instrument rating.

    • [...]

    • (4) No holder of a Canadian flight engineer licence shall exercise the privileges set out in section 401.37 unless

      • (a) the holder has acted as flight engineer on board an aircraft within the five years preceding the flight or has met the written examination requirements for the licence within the 12 months preceding the flight; and

      • (b) where a passenger or a trainee is carried on board the aircraft, the holder has, within the six months preceding the flight, acted as flight engineer

        [...]

    • (5) No holder of a Canadian pilot licence endorsed with a second officer rating shall exercise the privileges set out in section 401.53 unless

      • (a) the holder has acted as a second officer on board an aircraft within the five years preceding the flight; and

      • (b) where a passenger or a trainee is carried on board the aircraft, the holder has, within the six months preceding the flight, acted as a second officer in

        [...]

    • (6) No holder of a Canadian pilot licence endorsed with a flight instructor rating — ultra-light aeroplane shall exercise the privileges set out in section 401.88 unless

      • (a) the holder has

        • (i) acted as pilot-in-command or co-pilot of an aircraft within the five years preceding the flight, or

    [...]


  2. Canadian Aviation Regulations - SOR/96-433 (Section 103.12)
    Regulations Respecting Aviation and Activities Relating to Aeronautics

     For the purposes of paragraphs 6.71(1)(c) and 7.1(1)(c) of the Act, principal means

    • (a) in respect of an air operator,

      • (i) any person who is employed or contracted by the air operator on a full- or part-time basis as the operations manager, the chief pilot or the person responsible for the maintenance control system, or any person who occupies an equivalent position,

      • (ii) any person who exercises control over the air operator as an owner, and

    • (b) in respect of a private operator,

      • (i) any person who is employed or contracted by the private operator on a full- or part-time basis as the operations manager, maintenance manager or chief pilot, or any person who occupies an equivalent position, and

      • (ii) any person who exercises control over the private operator as an owner;

    • (c) in respect of an approved maintenance organization,

      • (i) any person who is employed or contracted by the approved maintenance organization on a full- or part-time basis as the person responsible for maintenance,

      • (ii) any person who exercises control over the approved maintenance organization as an owner; and

    • (d) in respect of an approved training organization,

      • [...]

      • (ii) any person who exercises control over the approved training organization as an owner;

    • (e) in respect of a flight training unit,

      • [...]

      • (ii) any person who is employed or contracted by the flight training unit on a full- or part-time basis as the person responsible for the maintenance control system,

      • (iii) any person who exercises control over the flight training unit as an owner, and

    • (f) in respect of a manufacturer of aeronautical products,

      • [...]

      • (ii) any person who exercises control over the manufacturer as an owner;

    • (g) in respect of a distributor of aeronautical products,

      • [...]

      • (ii) any person who exercises control over the distributor as an owner;

    • (h) in respect of an airport,

      • (i) any person who is employed or contracted by its operator on a full- or part-time basis as the airport manager, or any person who occupies an equivalent position,

      • (ii) any person who exercises control over the airport as an owner, and

    • (i) in respect of a provider of air traffic services,

      • (i) any person who is employed or contracted by the provider of air traffic services on a full- or part-time basis as the operations manager, or any person who occupies an equivalent position,

      • (ii) any person who exercises control over the provider of air traffic services as an owner, and

    [...]


  3. Canadian Aviation Regulations - SOR/96-433 (Section 101.01)
    Regulations Respecting Aviation and Activities Relating to Aeronautics
    •  (1) In these Regulations,

      air route

      air route  means the airspace identified as such within the boundaries or along the tracks specified

      [...]

      airway

      airway  means the controlled airspace identified as such within the boundaries or along the tracks specified in the Designated Airspace Handbook; (voie aérienne)

      airworthiness limitation

      airworthiness limitation  means a limitation applicable to an aeronautical product, in the form of a life limit or a maintenance task that is mandatory as a condition of the type certificate; (limite de navigabilité)

      AX class

      AX class  means a classification of balloons by size, as established by the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI); (classe AX)

      Canadian

      Canadian

      • (a) with respect to the operation of a commercial air service for which a licence to operate a domestic service is required under the Canada Transportation Act, has the same meaning as in subsection 55(1) of the Canada Transportation Act, and

      • (b) with respect to the operation of any other commercial air service, means

      Canadian Domestic Airspace

      Canadian Domestic Airspace  means the airspace specified, and delineated as such, in the Designated Airspace Handbook; (espace aérien intérieur canadien)

      category

      category  means

      • (a) when used in reference to flight crew licensing, the classification of aircraft as an aeroplane, a balloon, a glider, a gyroplane, a helicopter or an ultra-light aeroplane, and

      • (b) when used in reference to the certification of aircraft, a grouping of aircraft based upon intended use or operating limitations such as normal, utility, aerobatic, commuter and transport; (catégorie)

      commercial part

      commercial part , in respect of an aircraft, means a part

      • (a) that is not specifically designed or produced for use as an aeronautical product,

      control area

      control area  means the controlled airspace within Canadian Domestic Airspace that is specified as the Arctic Control Area, the Northern Control Area or the Southern Control Area in the Designated Airspace Handbook and that extends upwards vertically from a specified altitude or a specified pressure-altitude; (région de contrôle)

      Convention

      Convention  means the Convention on International Civil Aviation signed on behalf of Canada at Chicago on December 7, 1944, as amended from time to time; (Convention)

      CVR

      CVR  or cockpit voice recorder  means a system that uses a combination of microphones and other analog and digital devices to record and retain the aural environment of a cockpit as well as communications to, from and between flight crew members; (CVR ou enregistreur de la parole dans le poste de pilotage)

      dangerous goods

      dangerous goods  means dangerous goods as defined in section 2 of the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act, 1992; (marchandises dangereuses)

      elementary work

      elementary work  means those tasks that are listed as elementary work in the Aircraft Equipment and Maintenance Standards; (travaux élémentaires)

      Federal Aviation Regulations

      Federal Aviation Regulations means the Federal Aviation Regulations published by the Government of the United States, as amended from time to time; (Federal Aviation Regulations)

      fit for duty

      fit for duty , in respect of a person, means that their ability to act as a flight crew member of an aircraft is not impaired by fatigue, the consumption of alcohol or drugs or any mental or physical condition; (apte au travail)

      flight crew member

      flight crew member  means a crew member assigned to act as pilot or flight engineer of an aircraft during flight time; (membre d’équipage de conduite)

      flight duty period

      flight duty period  means the period that begins when the earliest of the following events occurs and ends at engines off or rotors stopped at the end of a flight:

      • [...]

      • (d) the member reports as a flight crew member on standby; (période de service de vol)

      ground visibility

      ground visibility , in respect of an aerodrome, means the visibility at that aerodrome as contained in a weather observation reported by

      [...]

      ice

      ice  means water that has frozen on a surface and includes the condition commonly known as black ice and the condition in which compacted snow has turned into a polished ice surface; (glace)

      life-limited part

      life-limited part  means a part that, as a condition of the type certificate, may not exceed a specified time, or number of operating cycles, in service; (pièce à vie limitée)

      manufacture

      manufacture  means the making, assembly and fabrication, other than the fabrication of parts as part of a repair, of aeronautical products, and includes, in the case of newly manufactured aircraft, any work performed on an aircraft prior to the issuance of the first certificate of airworthiness or export certificate of airworthiness by the manufacturer; (construction)

      maximum permissible take-off weight

      maximum permissible take-off weight  means the maximum take-off weight for an aircraft as authorized by the state of registry of the aircraft or as provided for in the aircraft type certificate; (masse maximale admissible au décollage)

      MCTOW

      MCTOW or maximum certificated take-off weight  means the weight identified as such in the type certificate of an aircraft; (MMHD ou masse maximale homologuée au décollage)

      MF area

      MF area  means an area of specific dimensions that consists of the surface area and airspace in the vicinity of an uncontrolled aerodrome and

      • [...]

      • (c) that is identified as an MF area in the Canada Air Pilot or the Canada Flight Supplement; (zone MF)

      operator

      operator , in respect of an aircraft, means the person that has possession of the aircraft as owner, lessee or otherwise; (utilisateur)

      operator

      operator  in respect of an airport or heliport, means the holder of the appropriate Canadian aviation document that is in force with respect to the airport or heliport or the person in charge of the airport or heliport, whether as employee, agent or representative of the holder of the Canadian aviation document; (exploitant)

      permanent resident

      permanent resident  means a permanent resident as defined in subsection 2(1) of the Immigration Act; (résident permanent)

      private aircraft

      private aircraft  means an aircraft that is registered as a private aircraft pursuant to sections 202.16 and 202.17; (aéronef privé)

      safety pilot

      safety pilot  means a pilot who acts as a lookout for another pilot operating an aircraft in simulated instrument flight; (pilote de sécurité)

      standard of airworthiness

      standard of airworthiness , in respect of the design, manufacture or maintenance of an aeronautical product, means the description, in terms of a minimum standard, of the properties and attributes of the configuration, material and performance or physical characteristics of that aeronautical product, and includes the procedures to ascertain compliance with or to maintain that minimum standard, as specified in Part V; (norme de navigabilité)

      stopway

      stopway  means a rectangular area on the ground at the end of a runway in the direction of take-off and having the same width as the runway, prepared as a suitable area for stopping an aeroplane in the case of a rejected take-off; (prolongement d’arrêt)

      unforeseen operational circumstance

      unforeseen operational circumstance  means an event, such as unforecast adverse weather, or an equipment malfunction or air traffic control delay, that is beyond the control of an air operator or private operator; (circonstance opérationnelle imprévue)

      visibility marker

      visibility marker  means a dark object of suitable dimensions for use as a reference in evaluating runway visibility; (balise de visibilité)

    • (2) Unless otherwise indicated in these Regulations, any reference to a classification, standard, procedure or other specification that is incorporated by reference is a reference to that classification, standard, procedure or specification as amended from time to time.

    [...]


  4. Canadian Aviation Regulations - SOR/96-433 (SCHEDULE I)
    Regulations Respecting Aviation and Activities Relating to Aeronautics

    [...]

    Journey Log

    Column I Column II Column III
    Item Particulars to be entered Time of entry Person responsible for entry
    2 Except where an approved fleet empty weight and balance control program is in place, aircraft empty weight and empty centre of gravity and any change in the aircraft empty weight and empty centre of gravity On starting to keep a journey log and on bringing a new volume of an existing log into use and, when a change is made, as soon as practicable after the change but, at the latest, before the next flight The owner of the aircraft and, for any change, the person who made the change
    6 Particulars of any abnormal occurrence to which the aircraft has been subjected As soon as practicable after the abnormal occurrence but, at the latest, before the next flight The pilot-in-command of the aircraft or, where the abnormal occurrence took place during maintenance, the operator of the aircraft at the time of the occurrence
    7 Particulars relating to a conditional maintenance release signed in accordance with section 571.10 As soon as practicable after the aircraft has received a conditional maintenance release for a test flight, but at the latest, prior to that test flight The person who signed the conditional maintenance release
    9 Particulars of any defect in any part of the aircraft or its equipment that becomes apparent during flight operations As soon as practicable after the defect is discovered but, at the latest, before the next flight The pilot-in-command of the aircraft
    11 Particulars of any maintenance action or elementary work performed in respect of items 2, 6, 9, and 10 As soon as practicable after the maintenance action or elementary work is performed but, at the latest, before the next flight The person who performed the maintenance action or elementary work and, where applicable, the person signing the maintenance release

    [...]


  5. Canadian Aviation Regulations - SOR/96-433 (Section 700.102)
    Regulations Respecting Aviation and Activities Relating to Aeronautics
    • [...]

    • (2) A flight crew member shall advise every other flight crew member and the air operator as soon as the member becomes aware that they have become fatigued during a flight duty period to the extent that they are not fit for duty.

    • (3) If there is only one flight crew member on board the aircraft, and the member becomes aware during a flight duty period that they have become fatigued to the extent that they are not fit for duty, they shall advise the air operator immediately or, if the aircraft is in flight, as soon as possible after the aircraft has landed.

    • (4) If a person who is assigned by an air operator to act as a flight crew member, or any other person, becomes aware that the assignment would result in the maximum flight time or maximum flight duty period being exceeded, the member or other person shall advise the air operator as soon as possible.

    • (5) If a flight crew member or any other person becomes aware that the member was not granted their rest period or time free from duty, the member or other person shall advise the air operator as soon as possible.

    [...]



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