Canadian Aviation Regulations

401.19 The holder of a student pilot permit may, for the sole purpose of the holder’s flight training or flight test, act as pilot-in-command of any aircraft of the category to which the permit relates, where

• (a) the flight is conducted in Canada under day VFR;

• (b) in the case of flight training,

  • (i) it is conducted under the direction and supervision of the holder of a flight instructor rating for that category of aircraft, and

  • (ii) no passenger is carried on board; and

• (c) in the case of a flight test,

  • (i) it is conducted in accordance with section 401.15, and

  • (ii) no passenger other than the person referred to in paragraph 401.15(1)(a) is carried on board.