Marginal note:Unique identification number

• 8. (1) A unique identification number must be affixed to every engine, vessel or vehicle.

• Marginal note:Location and characteristics of identification number

  (2) The identification number may be engraved or stamped on the engine, vessel or vehicle or may be on a label that meets the requirements of subsections 7(3) and (4).

Marginal note:Requirements

• 9. (1) An emission control system that is installed in an engine, vessel or vehicle to enable it to conform to the standards set out in these Regulations must not

  • (a) in its operation, release a substance that causes air pollution and that would not have been released if the system were not installed; or

  • (b) in its operation or malfunction, cause the engine, vessel or vehicle to be unsafe or to endanger persons or property near it.

• Marginal note:Prohibition of defeat devices

  (2) An engine, vessel or vehicle must not be equipped with a defeat device.

• Marginal note:Meaning of defeat device

  (3) Subject to subsection (4), a defeat device is an auxiliary emission control device that reduces the effectiveness of the emission control system under conditions that may reasonably be expected to be encountered under normal operation of the engine, vessel or vehicle.

• Marginal note:Exceptions

  (4) An auxiliary emission control device is not a defeat device if

  • (a) the conditions referred to in subsection (3) are substantially included in the emission test procedures referred to in section 23;

  • (b) it is needed to protect the engine, vessel or vehicle against damage or accident; or

  • (c) its use does not go beyond the requirements of engine starting.

Marginal note:Meaning of adjustable parameter

• 10. (1) In this section, “adjustable parameter” means a device, system or element of design that is capable of being physically adjusted and can thereby affect emissions during emission testing or normal in-use operation, but does not include a device, system or element of design that is permanently sealed by the manufacturer or that is inaccessible with ordinary tools.

• Marginal note:Requirements

  (2) Subject to subsection (3), an engine, vessel or vehicle that is equipped with adjustable parameters must conform to the applicable standards under these Regulations for any specification within the physically adjustable range.

• Marginal note:Vehicle

  (3) In the case of a vehicle with an adjustable air-fuel ratio parameter, compliance with the applicable standards under these Regulations is required if the range of adjustable air-fuel ratios

  • (a) other than any air-fuel ratio that does not occur during normal in-use operation, is between the lean limit and the rich limit; or

  • (b) is established by the manufacturer based on particular engine parts.

• Marginal note:Lean limit

  (4) The lean limit is the air-fuel ratio that produces the highest engine power output averaged over the applicable test cycle referred to in section 501 of subpart F of CFR 1051.

• Marginal note:Rich limit

  (5) The rich limit is the richest of the following air-fuel ratios:

  • (a) the air-fuel ratio that results from operating the vehicle at applicable test conditions in accordance with the CFR, with the parameters adjusted to the settings that will be used at the time that the vehicle’s main assembly is completed, excluding a vehicle manufactured without jets installed in its carburetted engine;

  • (b) the air-fuel ratio of the engine during durability testing; and

  • (c) the richest air-fuel ratio specified by the manufacturer for the applicable ambient conditions.

• Marginal note:Carburettor jets and needles

  (6) Despite subsection (3), if the range of adjustable air-fuel ratios of a vehicle is defined in terms of carburettor jets and needles, and the criteria in sections 115(d)(3)(ii) to (vi) of subpart B of CFR 1051 are met, the manufacturer’s jetting chart that specifies the appropriate carburettor jet size and needle configuration as a function of the ambient conditions is the range of adjustable air-fuel ratios for which compliance with the applicable standards under these Regulations is required.