Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act
S.C. 1988, c. 65
Assented to 1988-12-30
An Act to implement the Free Trade Agreement between Canada and the United States of America
WHEREAS the Government of Canada has entered into a Free Trade Agreement with the Government of the United States of America in order
to strengthen the unique and enduring friendship between the two countries and their peoples as befitting great trading partners,
to strengthen Canada’s national identity while at the same time protecting vital national characteristics and qualities,
to promote productivity, employment, financial stability and the improvement of living standards,
to establish a climate of greater predictability for Canadians to plan and invest with confidence and to compete more effectively in the United States and global markets,
to build on Canada’s rights and obligations under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and other multilateral and bilateral instruments of cooperation,
to contribute to the harmonious development and expansion of world trade and provide a catalyst to broader international cooperation, and
to establish effective binational procedures for the resolution of disputes in antidumping and countervailing duty cases involving the two countries and, generally, any dispute arising out of the Agreement;
WHEREAS the Agreement applies generally throughout Canada;
AND WHEREAS it is necessary, in order to give effect to the Agreement, to make related or consequential amendments to other Acts;
NOW, THEREFORE, Her Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate and House of Commons of Canada, enacts as follows:
Short Title
Marginal note:Short title
1 This Act may be cited as the Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act.
Interpretation
Marginal note:Definitions
2 (1) In this Act,
- Agreement
Agreement means the Free Trade Agreement between Canada and the United States entered into between the Government of Canada and the Government of the United States and signed on January 2, 1988, the text of which is set out in Part A of the schedule and the Tariff Schedules of Canada and of the United States referred to in Annex 401.2 of that Agreement; (Accord)
- Commission
Commission means the Canada-United States Trade Commission established pursuant to the Agreement; (Commission)
- Minister
Minister, in respect of any provision of this Act, means the Minister designated in respect of that provision under section 10; (ministre)
- prescribed
prescribed means prescribed by regulation made by the Governor in Council; (Version anglaise seulement)
- United States
United States means
(a) the customs territory of the United States, including the fifty states of the United States, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico,
(b) the foreign trade zones located in the United States and Puerto Rico, and
(c) any areas beyond the territorial sea of the United States within which, in accordance with international law and its domestic laws, the United States may exercise rights with respect to the seabed and subsoil and the natural resources thereof. (États-Unis)
Marginal note:Publication of Agreement and Tariff Schedules
(2) The Agreement, including the Tariff Schedules of Canada and of the United States referred to in Annex 401.2 of the Agreement, shall be published in the Canada Treaty Series.
General
Marginal note:Purpose
3 The purpose of this Act is to implement the Agreement, the objectives of which are to
(a) eliminate barriers to trade in goods and services between Canada and the United States;
(b) facilitate conditions of fair competition within the free-trade area established by the Agreement;
(c) liberalize significantly conditions for investment within that free-trade area;
(d) establish effective procedures for the joint administration of the Agreement and the resolution of disputes; and
(e) lay the foundation for further bilateral and multilateral cooperation to expand and enhance the benefits of the Agreement.
Marginal note:Binding on Her Majesty
4 This Act is binding on Her Majesty in right of Canada.
Marginal note:Prohibition of private cause of action
5 No person has any cause of action and no proceedings of any kind shall be taken, without the consent of the Attorney General of Canada, to enforce or determine any right or obligation that is claimed or arises solely under or by virtue of Part I, or any regulation made under Part I, or the Agreement.
Marginal note:Implementation
6 For greater certainty, nothing in this Act, by specific mention or omission, limits in any manner the right of Parliament to enact legislation to implement any provision of the Agreement or fulfil any of the obligations of the Government of Canada under the Agreement.
Marginal note:Non-application of Agreement to water
7 (1) For greater certainty, nothing in this Act or the Agreement, except Article 401 of the Agreement, applies to water.
Definition of water
(2) In this section, water means natural surface and ground water in liquid, gaseous or solid state, but does not include water packaged as a beverage or in tanks.
PART IImplementation of Agreement Generally
Marginal note:Agreement approved
8 The Agreement is hereby approved.
Marginal note:Regulations
9 (1) The Governor in Council may, where the Governor in Council is of the opinion that, for the purpose of giving effect in a province to Chapter Eight of the Agreement, regulations are necessary in relation to any matter dealt with by that Chapter, make regulations for that purpose including, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, regulations requiring or prohibiting the doing of anything in relation to which a regulation may be made under this subsection and prescribing penalties for the contravention of or non-compliance with any such regulation.
Marginal note:Applicability of regulations in respect of a province
(2) A regulation made under subsection (1) shall not come into force in respect of any province where the Governor in Council is of the opinion that the province has, by or under provincial law, enacted provisions or is carrying on practices that are in conformity with that portion of Chapter Eight of the Agreement in respect of which the regulation is made.
Marginal note:Consultation with provincial governments
(3) The Minister shall consult with the government of a province prior to the making of a regulation under subsection (1) in respect of that province.
Marginal note:Expiration
(4) A regulation made under subsection (1) or any provision thereof shall cease to be in force, in respect of any province, on a day or days to be fixed, in respect of that province, by order of the Governor in Council.
Marginal note:Binding on province
(5) A regulation made under subsection (1) in respect of a province is binding on Her Majesty in right of that province.
Marginal note:Order designating Minister
10 The Governor in Council may, by order, designate any member of the Queen’s Privy Council for Canada to be the Minister for the purposes of any provision of this Act.
Marginal note:Commissions and bodies
11 (1) The Governor in Council may
(a) establish such committees, commissions, panels or other bodies as the Governor in Council deems necessary to exercise powers and perform duties and functions referred to in the Agreement on behalf of the Government of Canada and shall appoint members and fix the terms of reference of those committees, commissions, panels or bodies;
(b) authorize any committee, commission, panel or other body established under paragraph (a) to exercise such powers and perform such duties and functions referred to in the Agreement as are specified by the Governor in Council in the terms of reference of that committee, commission, panel or other body; and
(c) appoint members of any other committee, commission, panel or body that may be established under the Agreement.
Marginal note:Remuneration
(2) The members of any committee, commission, panel or other body appointed by the Governor in Council under subsection (1) may be paid such remuneration and expenses for their services as are fixed by the Governor in Council.
Marginal note:Canada-United States Trade Commission
12 (1) The Governor in Council may appoint a member of the Queen’s Privy Council for Canada to be the principal representative of, and such other persons as are selected by the Governor in Council to be the other members of, the Canadian section of the Commission established pursuant to Chapter Eighteen of the Agreement.
Marginal note:Payment of costs of Commission
(2) The Government of Canada shall pay one half of the aggregate of any expenditures incurred by or on behalf of the Commission.
Marginal note:Extending purposes of External Affairs Vote 1
(3) The purposes specified in External Affairs Vote 1 set forth in the Main Estimates for the fiscal year ending the 31st day of March, 1989, as laid before the House of Commons during the second session of the thirty-third Parliament, are extended to include expenditures incurred by or on behalf of the Commission.
PART II[Repealed, 1995, c. 29, s. 18]
PART IIIAmendments to the Special Import Measures Act
23 to 45 [Amendments]
PART IVRelated and Consequential Amendments to Implement the Agreement
46 to 148 [Amendments]
PART VTransitional and Coming into Force
Transitional
149 [Repealed, 2018, c. 27, s. 298]
Coming into Force
Marginal note:Coming into force
Footnote *150 (1) Subject to this Act, this Act or any provision thereof or any provision of any Act as amended by this Act shall come into force on a day or days to be fixed by order of the Governor in Council.
Return to footnote *[Note: Sections 1 to 60, 66 to 107 and 109 to 149 in force January 1, 1989, see SI/89-9; sections 61 to 65 in force February 13, 1989, see SI/89-70.]
Marginal note:Condition
(2) No order shall be made under subsection (1) unless the Governor in Council is satisfied that the Government of the United States has taken satisfactory steps to implement the Agreement.
Footnote *SCHEDULE — PART A
Return to footnote *[Note: Part A of the schedule is not displayable.]
SCHEDULE — PARTS B AND C
[Amendments]
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