Canadian Aviation Regulations (SOR/96-433)

Unserviceable and Removed Equipment — Aircraft with a Minimum Equipment List

• 605.09 (1) Subject to subsection (2), where a minimum equipment list has been approved in respect of the operator of an aircraft pursuant to subsection 605.07(3), no person shall conduct a take-off in the aircraft with equipment that is not serviceable or that has been removed unless

  • (a) the aircraft is operated in accordance with any conditions or limitations specified in the minimum equipment list; and

  • (b) a copy of the minimum equipment list is carried on board.

• (2) Where the conditions or limitations specified in a minimum equipment list are in conflict with the requirements of an airworthiness directive, the airworthiness directive prevails.

Unserviceable and Removed Equipment — Aircraft without a Minimum Equipment List

• 605.10 (1) Where a minimum equipment list has not been approved in respect of the operator of an aircraft, no person shall conduct a take-off in the aircraft with equipment that is not serviceable or that has been removed, where that equipment is required by

  • (a) the standards of airworthiness that apply to day or night VFR or IFR flight, as applicable;

  • (b) any equipment list published by the aircraft manufacturer respecting aircraft equipment that is required for the intended flight;

  • (c) an air operator certificate, a special authorization issued under subsection 604.05(2), a special flight operations certificate or a flight training unit operating certificate;

  • (d) an airworthiness directive; or

  • (e) these Regulations.

• (2) Where a minimum equipment list has not been approved in respect of the operator of an aircraft and the aircraft has equipment, other than the equipment required by subsection (1), that is not serviceable or that has been removed, no person shall conduct a take-off in the aircraft unless

  • (a) where the unserviceable equipment is not removed from the aircraft, it is isolated or secured so as not to constitute a hazard to any other aircraft system or to any person on board the aircraft;

  • (b) the appropriate placards are installed as required by the Aircraft Equipment and Maintenance Standards; and

  • (c) an entry recording the actions referred to in paragraphs (a) and (b) is made in the journey log, as applicable.

[605.11 to 605.13 reserved]

Division II — Aircraft Equipment Requirements

Power-driven Aircraft — Day VFR

605.14 No person shall conduct a take-off in a power-driven aircraft for the purpose of day VFR flight unless it is equipped with

• (a) where the aircraft is operated in uncontrolled airspace, an altimeter;

• (b) where the aircraft is operated in controlled airspace, a sensitive altimeter adjustable for barometric pressure;

• (c) an airspeed indicator;

• (d) a magnetic compass or a magnetic direction indicator that operates independently of the aircraft electrical generating system;

• (e) a tachometer for each engine and for each propeller or rotor that has limiting speeds established by the manufacturer;

• (f) an oil pressure indicator for each engine employing an oil pressure system;

• (g) a coolant temperature indicator for each liquid-cooled engine;

• (h) an oil temperature indicator for each air-cooled engine having a separate oil system;

• (i) a manifold pressure gauge for each

  • (i) reciprocating engine equipped with a variable-pitch propeller,

  • (ii) reciprocating engine used to power a helicopter,

  • (iii) supercharged engine, and

  • (iv) turbocharged engine;

• (j) a means for the flight crew, when seated at the flight controls to determine

  • (i) the fuel quantity in each main fuel tank, and

  • (ii) if the aircraft employs retractable landing gear, the position of the landing gear;

• (k) subject to subsections 601.08(2) and 601.09(2), a radiocommunication system adequate to permit two-way communication on the appropriate frequency when the aircraft is operated within

  • (i) Class B, Class C or Class D airspace,

  • (ii) an MF area, unless the aircraft is operated pursuant to subsection 602.97(3), or

  • (iii) the ADIZ;

• (l) where the aircraft is operated under Subpart 4 of this Part, or under Subpart 3, 4 or 5 of Part VII, radiocommunication equipment adequate to permit two-way communication on the appropriate frequency;

• (m) where the aircraft is operated in Class B airspace, radio navigation equipment that will enable it to be operated in accordance with a flight plan; and

• (n) where the aircraft is operated under Subpart 4 of this Part or under Subpart 5 of Part VII, radio navigation equipment that is adequate to receive radio signals from a transmitting facility.

Power-driven Aircraft — VFR OTT

• 605.15 (1) No person shall conduct a take-off in a power-driven aircraft for the purpose of VFR OTT flight unless it is equipped with

  • (a) the equipment referred to in paragraphs 605.14(c) to (j);

  • (b) a sensitive altimeter adjustable for barometric pressure;

  • (c) a means of preventing malfunction caused by icing for each airspeed indicating system;

  • (d) a gyroscopic direction indicator or a stabilized magnetic direction indicator;

  • (e) an attitude indicator;

  • (f) subject to subsection (2), a turn and slip indicator or turn coordinator;

  • (g) where the aircraft is to be operated within the Northern Domestic Airspace, a means of establishing direction that is not dependent on a magnetic source;

  • (h) radiocommunication equipment adequate to permit two-way communication on the appropriate frequency; and

  • (i) radio navigation equipment adequate to permit the aircraft to be navigated safely.

• (2) Where the aircraft is equipped with a third attitude indicator that is usable through flight attitudes of 360° of pitch and roll for an aeroplane, or ± 80° of pitch and ± 120° of roll for a helicopter, the aircraft may be equipped with a slip-skid indicator in lieu of a turn and slip indicator or a turn coordinator.

Power-driven Aircraft — Night VFR

• 605.16 (1) No person shall conduct a take-off in a power-driven aircraft for the purpose of night VFR flight, unless it is equipped with

  • (a) the equipment referred to in paragraphs 605.14(c) to (n);

  • (b) a sensitive altimeter adjustable for barometric pressure;

  • (c) subject to subsection (2), a turn and slip indicator or turn coordinator;

  • (d) an adequate source of electrical energy for all of the electrical and radio equipment;

  • (e) in respect of every set of fuses of a particular rating that is installed on the aircraft and accessible to the pilot-in-command during flight, a number of spare fuses that is equal to at least 50 per cent of the total number of installed fuses of that rating;

  • (f) where the aircraft is operated so that an aerodrome is not visible from the aircraft, a stabilized magnetic direction indicator or a gyroscopic direction indicator;

  • (g) where the aircraft is to be operated within the Northern Domestic Airspace, a means of establishing direction that is not dependent on a magnetic source;

  • (h) where the aircraft is an airship operated within controlled airspace, radar reflectors attached in such a manner as to be capable of a 360-degree reflection;

  • (i) a means of illumination for all of the instruments used to operate the aircraft;

  • (j) when carrying passengers, a landing light; and

  • (k) position and anti-collision lights that conform to the Aircraft Equipment and Maintenance Standards.

• (2) Where the aircraft is equipped with a third attitude indicator that is usable through flight attitudes of 360° of pitch and roll for an aeroplane, or ± 80° of pitch and ± 120° of roll for a helicopter, the aircraft may be equipped with a slip-skid indicator in lieu of a turn and slip indicator or a turn coordinator.

• (3) No person shall operate an aircraft that is equipped with any light that may be mistaken for, or downgrade the conspicuity of, a light in the navigation light system, unless the aircraft is being operated for the purpose of aerial advertising.

• (4) In addition to the equipment requirements specified in subsection (1), no person shall operate an aircraft in night VFR flight under Subpart 4 of this Part or Subparts 2 to 5 of Part VII, unless the aircraft is equipped with

  • (a) an attitude indicator;

  • (b) a vertical speed indicator;

  • (c) a means of preventing malfunction caused by icing for each airspeed indicating system; and

  • (d) an outside air temperature gauge.

Use of Position and Anti-collision Lights

• 605.17 (1) Subject to subsection (2), no person shall operate an aircraft in the air or on the ground at night, or on water between sunset and sunrise, unless the aircraft position lights and anti-collision lights are turned on.

• (2) Anti-collision lights may be turned off where the pilot-in-command determines that, because of operating conditions, doing so would be in the interests of aviation safety.

Power-driven Aircraft — IFR

605.18 No person shall conduct a take-off in a power-driven aircraft for the purpose of IFR flight unless it is equipped with

• (a) when it is operated by day, the equipment required pursuant to paragraphs 605.16(1)(a) to (h);

• (b) when it is operated by night, the equipment required pursuant to paragraphs 605.16(1)(a) to (k);

• (c) an attitude indicator;

• (d) a vertical speed indicator;

• (e) an outside air temperature gauge;

• (f) a means of preventing malfunction caused by icing for each airspeed indicating system;

• (g) a power failure warning device or vacuum indicator that shows the power available to gyroscopic instruments from each power source;

• (h) an alternative source of static pressure for the altimeter, airspeed indicator and vertical speed indicator;

• (i) sufficient radiocommunication equipment to permit the pilot to conduct two-way communications on the appropriate frequency; and

• (j) sufficient radio navigation equipment to permit the pilot, in the event of the failure at any stage of the flight of any item of that equipment, including any associated flight instrument display,

  • (i) to proceed to the destination aerodrome or proceed to another aerodrome that is suitable for landing, and

  • (ii) where the aircraft is operated in IMC, to complete an instrument approach and, if necessary, conduct a missed approach procedure.

Balloons — Day VFR

605.19 No person shall conduct a take-off in a balloon for the purpose of day VFR flight unless it is equipped with

• (a) an altimeter;

• (b) a vertical speed indicator;

• (c) in the case of a hot air balloon,

  • (i) a fuel quantity gauge, and

  • (ii) an envelope temperature indicator;

• (d) in the case of a captive gas balloon, a magnetic direction indicator; and

• (e) subject to subsections 601.08(2) and 601.09(2), a radiocommunication system adequate to permit two-way communication on the appropriate frequency when the balloon is operated within

  • (i) Class C or Class D airspace,

  • (ii) an MF area, unless the aircraft is operated pursuant to subsection 602.97(3), or

  • (iii) the ADIZ.

Balloons — Night VFR

605.20 No person shall conduct a take-off in a balloon for the purpose of night VFR flight unless it is equipped with

• (a) equipment required pursuant to section 605.19;

• (b) position lights;

• (c) a means of illuminating all of the instruments used by the flight crew, including a flashlight; and

• (d) in the case of a hot air balloon, two independent fuel systems.