Judges Act (R.S.C., 1985, c. J-1)

Short Title

Marginal note:Short title

1 This Act may be cited as the Judges Act.

Interpretation

Marginal note:Definitions

2 In this Act,

age of retirement

age of retirement of a judge or of an associate judge means the age, fixed by law, at which the judge or associate judge ceases to hold office; (mise à la retraite d’office)

associate judge

associate judge means an associate judge of the Federal Court or an associate judge of the Tax Court of Canada and includes a supernumerary associate judge; (juge adjoint)

attorney general of the province

attorney general of the province, except where otherwise defined, means the minister of the Crown of the province who is responsible for judicial affairs; (procureur général de la province)

Commissioner

Commissioner means the Commissioner for Federal Judicial Affairs referred to in section 73; (commissaire)

common-law partner

common-law partner, in relation to an individual, means a person who is cohabiting with the individual in a conjugal relationship, having so cohabited for a period of at least one year; (conjoint de fait)

Council

Council means the Canadian Judicial Council established by subsection 59(1); (Conseil)

county

county includes district; (comté)

judge

judge includes a chief justice, senior associate chief justice, associate chief justice, supernumerary judge and regional senior judge; (juge)

Minister

Minister means the Minister of Justice of Canada; (ministre)

prothonotary

prothonotary[Repealed, 2022, c. 10, s. 333]

survivor

survivor, in relation to a judge or to an associate judge, means a person who was married to the judge or associate judge at the time of the judge’s or associate judge’s death or who establishes that he or she was cohabiting with the judge or associate judge in a conjugal relationship at the time of the judge’s or associate judge’s death and had so cohabited for a period of at least one year. (survivant)

Marginal note:Application to associate judges

• 2.1 (1) Subject to subsection (2), sections 26 to 26.‍3, 34 and 39, paragraphs 40(1)‍(a) and (b), subsection 40(2), sections 41, 41.‍2 to 42, 43.‍1 to 56 and 57, paragraph 60(2)‍(b) and Part IV also apply to an associate judge.

• Marginal note:Associate judge who made election

  (2) Sections 41.2, 41.3, 42 and 43.1 to 52.22 do not apply to an associate judge who made an election under the Economic Action Plan 2014 Act, No. 2 to continue to be deemed to be employed in the public service for the purposes of the Public Service Superannuation Act.

PART IJudges and Associate Judges

Eligibility

Marginal note:Eligibility for appointment

3 No person is eligible to be appointed a judge of a superior court in any province unless, in addition to any other requirements prescribed by law, that person

• (a) is a barrister or advocate of at least 10 years’ standing at the bar of any province or has, for an aggregate of at least 10 years,

  • (i) been a barrister or advocate at the bar of any province, and

  • (ii) after becoming a barrister or advocate at the bar of any province, exercised powers and performed duties and functions of a judicial nature on a full-time basis in respect of a position held under a law of Canada or a province; and

• (b) undertakes to participate in continuing education on matters related to sexual assault law and social context, which includes systemic racism and systemic discrimination, including by attending seminars established under paragraph 60(2)(b).

4 to 6 [Repealed, 1990, c. 17, s. 28]

7 [Repealed, 1992, c. 51, s. 4]

Age of Retirement

Marginal note:Retirement age

• 8 (1) A judge of the Supreme Court of British Columbia who held the office of a judge of the County Courts of British Columbia on March 1, 1987 and on June 30, 1990 may retire at the age of seventy years.

• Marginal note:Retirement age

  (2) A judge of the Superior Court of Justice in and for the Province of Ontario who held the office of a judge of the District Court of Ontario on March 1, 1987 and on August 31, 1990 may retire at the age of seventy years.

• Marginal note:Idem

  (3) A judge of the Supreme Court of Nova Scotia who held the office of a judge of the County Court of Nova Scotia on March 1, 1987 and on the coming into force of this subsection may retire at the age of seventy years.

Salaries

Marginal note:Supreme Court of Canada

9 The yearly salaries of the judges of the Supreme Court of Canada are as follows:

• (a) the Chief Justice of Canada, $435,600; and

• (b) the eight puisne judges, $403,300 each.

Marginal note:Federal Courts

10 The yearly salaries of the judges of the Federal Courts are as follows:

• (a) the Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Appeal, $371,400;

• (b) the other judges of the Federal Court of Appeal, $338,800 each;

• (c) the Chief Justice and the Associate Chief Justice of the Federal Court, $371,400 each; and

• (d) the other judges of the Federal Court, $338,800 each.

Marginal note:Federal Court associate judges

10.1 The yearly salaries of the associate judges of the Federal Court shall be 80% of the yearly salaries, calculated in accordance with section 25, of the judges referred to in paragraph 10(d).

Marginal note:Court Martial Appeal Court

10.2 The yearly salary of the Chief Justice of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada shall be $371,400.

Marginal note:Tax Court of Canada

11 The yearly salaries of the judges of the Tax Court of Canada are as follows:

• (a) the Chief Justice, $371,400;

• (b) the Associate Chief Justice, $371,400; and

• (c) the other judges, $338,800 each.

Marginal note:Tax Court of Canada associate judges

11.1 The yearly salaries of the associate judges of the Tax Court of Canada shall be 80% of the yearly salaries, calculated in accordance with section 25, of the judges referred to in paragraph 11(c).

Marginal note:Court of Appeal for Ontario and Superior Court of Justice

12 The yearly salaries of the judges of the Court of Appeal for Ontario and of the Superior Court of Justice in and for the Province of Ontario are as follows:

• (a) the Chief Justice and the Associate Chief Justice of Ontario, $371,400 each;

• (b) the 14 Justices of Appeal, $338,800 each;

• (c) the Chief Justice and the Associate Chief Justice of the Superior Court of Justice, $371,400 each; and

• (d) the 212 other judges of the Superior Court of Justice, $338,800 each.

Marginal note:Court of Appeal and Superior Court of Quebec

13 The yearly salaries of the judges of the Court of Appeal and of the Superior Court in and for the Province of Quebec are as follows:

• (a) the Chief Justice of Quebec, $371,400;

• (b) the 19 puisne judges of the Court of Appeal, $338,800 each;

• (c) the Chief Justice, the Senior Associate Chief Justice and the Associate Chief Justice of the Superior Court, $371,400 each; and

• (d) the 144 puisne judges of the Superior Court, $338,800 each.

Marginal note:Court of Appeal and Supreme Court of Nova Scotia

14 The yearly salaries of the judges of the Nova Scotia Court of Appeal and the Supreme Court of Nova Scotia are as follows:

• (a) the Chief Justice of Nova Scotia, $371,400;

• (b) the seven other judges of the Court of Appeal, $338,800 each;

• (c) the Chief Justice and the Associate Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, $371,400 each; and

• (d) the 23 other judges of the Supreme Court, $338,800 each.

Marginal note:Court of Appeal and Court of Queen’s Bench of New Brunswick

15 The yearly salaries of the judges of the Court of Appeal of New Brunswick and of the Court of Queen’s Bench of New Brunswick are as follows:

• (a) the Chief Justice of New Brunswick, $371,400;

• (b) the five other judges of the Court of Appeal, $338,800 each;

• (c) the Chief Justice and the Associate Chief Justice of the Court of Queen’s Bench, $371,400 each; and

• (d) the 20 other judges of the Court of Queen’s Bench, $338,800 each.

Marginal note:Court of Appeal and Court of Queen’s Bench for Manitoba

16 The yearly salaries of the judges of the Court of Appeal for Manitoba and of Her Majesty’s Court of Queen’s Bench for Manitoba are as follows:

• (a) the Chief Justice of Manitoba, $371,400;

• (b) the six Judges of Appeal, $338,800 each;

• (c) the Chief Justice, the Senior Associate Chief Justice and the Associate Chief Justice of the Court of Queen’s Bench, $371,400 each; and

• (d) the 31 puisne judges of the Court of Queen’s Bench, $338,800 each.

Marginal note:Court of Appeal and Supreme Court of British Columbia

17 The yearly salaries of the judges of the Court of Appeal for British Columbia and of the Supreme Court of British Columbia are as follows:

• (a) the Chief Justice of British Columbia, $371,400;

• (b) the 12 Justices of Appeal, $338,800 each;

• (c) the Chief Justice and the Associate Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, $371,400 each; and

• (d) the 86 other judges of the Supreme Court, $338,800 each.

Marginal note:Court of Appeal and Supreme Court of Prince Edward Island

18 The yearly salaries of the judges of the Court of Appeal of Prince Edward Island and of the Supreme Court of Prince Edward Island are as follows:

• (a) the Chief Justice of Prince Edward Island, $371,400;

• (b) the two other judges of the Court of Appeal, $338,800 each;

• (c) the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, $371,400; and

• (d) the three other judges of the Supreme Court, $338,800 each.

Marginal note:Court of Appeal and Court of Queen’s Bench for Saskatchewan

19 The yearly salaries of the judges of the Court of Appeal for Saskatchewan and of Her Majesty’s Court of Queen’s Bench for Saskatchewan are as follows:

• (a) the Chief Justice of Saskatchewan, $371,400;

• (b) the seven Judges of Appeal, $338,800 each;

• (c) the Chief Justice and the Associate Chief Justice of the Court of Queen’s Bench, $371,400 each; and

• (d) the 33 other judges of the Court of Queen’s Bench, $338,800 each.

Marginal note:Court of Appeal and Court of Queen’s Bench of Alberta

20 The yearly salaries of the judges of the Court of Appeal of Alberta and of the Court of Queen’s Bench of Alberta are as follows:

• (a) the Chief Justice of Alberta, $371,400;

• (b) the 10 Justices of Appeal, $338,800 each;

• (c) the Chief Justice and the two Associate Chief Justices of the Court of Queen’s Bench, $371,400 each; and

• (d) the 70 other Justices of the Court of Queen’s Bench, $338,800 each.

Marginal note:Supreme Court of Newfoundland and Labrador

21 The yearly salaries of the judges of the Supreme Court of Newfoundland and Labrador are as follows:

• (a) the Chief Justice of Newfoundland and Labrador, $371,400;

• (b) the five Judges of Appeal, $338,800 each;

• (c) the Chief Justice and the Associate Chief Justice of the Trial Division, $371,400 each; and

• (d) the 18 other judges of the Trial Division, $338,800 each.

Marginal note:Supreme Court of Yukon

• 22 (1) The yearly salaries of the judges of the Supreme Court of Yukon are as follows:

  • (a) the Chief Justice, $371,400; and

  • (b) the two other judges, $338,800 each.

• Marginal note:Supreme Court of the Northwest Territories

  (2) The yearly salaries of the judges of the Supreme Court of the Northwest Territories are as follows:

  • (a) the Chief Justice, $371,400; and

  • (b) the two other judges, $338,800 each.

• Marginal note:Nunavut Court of Justice

  (2.1) The yearly salaries of the judges of the Nunavut Court of Justice are as follows:

  • (a) the Chief Justice, $371,400; and

  • (b) the five other judges, $338,800 each.

• (3) [Repealed, 2017, c. 33, s. 232]

Marginal note:Rounding of amounts

23 A salary referred to in any of sections 9 to 22 that is not a multiple of one hundred dollars shall be rounded down to the next lowest multiple of one hundred dollars.

Marginal note:Additional judges

• 24 (1) Notwithstanding sections 12 to 22 but subject to subsections (3) and (4), where the number of judges of a superior court in a province has been increased by or pursuant to an Act of the legislature of the province beyond the number of judges of that court whose salaries are provided for by sections 12 to 22, a salary is payable pursuant to this section to each additional judge, appointed to that court in accordance with that Act and in the manner provided by law, from the time that judge’s appointment becomes effective and in the same manner and subject to the same terms and conditions as if the salary were payable under sections 12 to 22.

• Marginal note:Salaries fixed

  (2) The salary of a judge appointed in the circumstances described in subsection (1) is the salary annexed, pursuant to sections 12 to 22, to the office of judge to which the appointment is made.

• Marginal note:Limit

  (3) Subject to subsection (4), the number of salaries that may be paid pursuant to this section at any one time shall not be greater than

  • (a) 16, in the case of judges appointed to appeal courts in the provinces; and

  • (b) 79, in the case of judges appointed to superior courts in the provinces other than appeal courts.

  • (c) [Repealed, 1992, c. 51, s. 7]

• Marginal note:Unified family courts

  (4) For the purposes of assisting the establishment of unified family courts in the provinces, a further number of salaries not greater than 58 at any one time may be paid in the case of judges appointed to courts described in paragraph (3)(b)

  • (a) where the court has the jurisdiction of a unified family court; or

  • (b) where a request has been made by a provincial attorney general for the appointment to the court of judges to exercise the jurisdiction of a unified family court.

• Marginal note:Salary deemed payable under sections 12 to 22

  (5) A salary payable to a judge under this section is deemed, for all purposes of the provisions of this Act, other than this section, and of any other Act of Parliament, to be a salary payable under sections 12 to 22.

• Marginal note:Definition of appeal court

  (6) In this section, appeal court means, in relation to each of the Provinces of Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Manitoba, British Columbia, Prince Edward Island, Saskatchewan, Alberta and Newfoundland and Labrador, the Court of Appeal of the Province.

Periodic Adjustment and Revision of Salaries

Marginal note:Annual adjustment of salary

• 25 (1) The yearly salaries referred to in sections 9 to 22 apply in respect of the twelve-month period beginning on April 1, 2020.

• Marginal note:Annual adjustment of salary

  (2) The salary annexed to an office of judge referred to in sections 9, 10, 10.2, 11 and 12 to 22 for the twelve-month period beginning on April 1, 2021, and for each subsequent twelve-month period, shall be the amount obtained by multiplying

  • (a) the salary annexed to that office for the twelve month period immediately preceding the twelve month period in respect of which the salary is to be determined

    by

  • (b) the percentage that the Industrial Aggregate for the first adjustment year is of the Industrial Aggregate for the second adjustment year, or one hundred and seven per cent, whichever is less.

• Marginal note:Meaning of certain expressions

  (3) For the purposes of this section,

  • (a) in relation to any twelve month period in respect of which the salary is to be determined, the first adjustment year is the most recent twelve month period for which the Industrial Aggregate is available on the first day of the period in respect of which the salary is to be determined, and the second adjustment year is the twelve month period immediately preceding the first adjustment year; and

  • (b) the Industrial Aggregate for an adjustment year is the average weekly wages and salaries of the Industrial Aggregate in Canada for that year as published by Statistics Canada under the authority of the Statistics Act.

Marginal note:Commission

• 26 (1) The Judicial Compensation and Benefits Commission is hereby established to inquire into the adequacy of the salaries and other amounts payable under this Act and into the adequacy of judges’ benefits generally.

• Marginal note:Factors to be considered

  (1.1) In conducting its inquiry, the Commission shall consider

  • (a) the prevailing economic conditions in Canada, including the cost of living, and the overall economic and current financial position of the federal government;

  • (b) the role of financial security of the judiciary in ensuring judicial independence;

  • (c) the need to attract outstanding candidates to the judiciary; and

  • (d) any other objective criteria that the Commission considers relevant.

• Marginal note:Quadrennial inquiry

  (2) The Commission shall commence an inquiry on June 1, 2020, and on June 1 of every fourth year after 2020, and shall submit a report containing its recommendations to the Minister within nine months after the date of commencement.

• Marginal note:Postponement

  (3) The Commission may, with the consent of the Minister and the judiciary, postpone the date of commencement of a quadrennial inquiry.

• Marginal note:Other reports

  (4) In addition to its quadrennial inquiry, the Minister may at any time refer to the Commission for its inquiry a matter mentioned in subsection (1). The Commission shall submit to that Minister a report containing its recommendations within a period fixed by the Minister after consultation with the Commission.

• Marginal note:Extension of time

  (5) The Governor in Council may, on the request of the Commission, extend the time for submission of a report under subsection (2) or (4).

• Marginal note:Report of Commission

  (6) The Minister shall table a copy of the report in each House of Parliament on any of the first ten days on which that House is sitting after the Minister receives the report.

• Marginal note:Referral to Committee

  (6.1) A report that is tabled in each House of Parliament under subsection (6) shall, on the day it is tabled or, if the House is not sitting on that day, on the day that House next sits, be referred by that House to a committee of that House that is designated or established by that House for the purpose of considering matters relating to justice.

• Marginal note:Report by Committee

  (6.2) A committee referred to in subsection (6.1) may conduct inquiries or public hearings in respect of a report referred to it under that subsection, and if it does so, the committee shall, not later than ninety sitting days after the report is referred to it, report its findings to the House that designated or established the committee.

• Marginal note:Definition of sitting day

  (6.3) For the purpose of subsection (6.2), sitting day means a day on which the House of Commons or the Senate, as the case may be, sits.

• Marginal note:Response to report

  (7) The Minister shall respond to a report of the Commission within four months after receiving it. Following that response, if applicable, he or she shall, within a reasonable period, cause to be prepared and introduced a bill to implement the response.

Marginal note:Nomination

• 26.1 (1) The Judicial Compensation and Benefits Commission consists of three members appointed by the Governor in Council as follows:

  • (a) one person nominated by the judiciary;

  • (b) one person nominated by the Minister; and

  • (c) one person, who shall act as chairperson, nominated by the members who are nominated under paragraphs (a) and (b).

• Marginal note:Tenure and removal

  (2) Each member holds office during good behaviour, and may be removed for cause at any time by the Governor in Council.

• Marginal note:Term of office

  (3) The term of office for the initial members appointed to the Commission ends on August 31, 2003. The members subsequently appointed hold office for a term of four years.

• Marginal note:Continuance of duties

  (4) Where the term of a member ends, other than in the case of removal for cause, the member may carry out and complete any duties of the members in respect of a matter that was referred to the Commission under subsection 26(4) while he or she was a member.

• Marginal note:Reappointment

  (5) A member is eligible to be reappointed for one further term if re-nominated in accordance with subsection (1).

• Marginal note:Absence or incapacity

  (6) In the event of the absence or incapacity of a member, the Governor in Council may appoint as a substitute temporary member a person nominated in accordance with subsection (1) to hold office during the absence or incapacity.

• Marginal note:Vacancy

  (7) If the office of a member becomes vacant during the term of the member, the Governor in Council shall appoint a person nominated in accordance with subsection (1) to hold office as a member for the remainder of the term.

• Marginal note:Quorum

  (8) A quorum of the Commission consists of all three members.

• Marginal note:Remuneration

  (9) The members of the Commission and persons carrying out duties under subsection (4) shall be paid

  • (a) the fees fixed by the Governor in Council; and

  • (b) such travel and living expenses incurred in the course of their duties while away from their ordinary place of residence as are fixed by the Governor in Council.

• Marginal note:Compensation

  (10) The members of the Commission and persons carrying out duties under subsection (4) are deemed to be employed in the federal public administration for the purposes of the Government Employees Compensation Act and any regulations made under section 9 of the Aeronautics Act.

Marginal note:Definition of judiciary

26.11 In sections 26 and 26.1, judiciary includes associate judges.

Marginal note:Personnel

• 26.2 (1) The Commission may engage the services of any persons necessary for the proper conduct of the Commission.

• Marginal note:Presumption

  (2) No person engaged under subsection (1) shall, as a result, be considered to be employed in the federal public administration.

Marginal note:Costs payable

• 26.3 (1) The Commission may identify those representatives of the judiciary participating in an inquiry of the Commission to whom costs shall be paid in accordance with this section.

• Marginal note:Entitlement to payment of costs

  (2) A representative of the judiciary identified under subsection (1) who participates in an inquiry of the Commission is entitled to be paid, out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund, two thirds of the costs determined under subsection (3) in respect of his or her participation.

• Marginal note:Determination of costs

  (3) An assessment officer of the Federal Court, other than a judge or an associate judge, shall determine the amount of costs, on a solicitor-and-client basis, in accordance with the Federal Courts Rules.

• Marginal note:Application

  (4) This section applies to costs incurred in relation to participation in any inquiry of the Commission conducted after September 1, 1999.

Marginal note:Costs payable to representative of associate judges

• 26.4 (1) The Commission may identify one representative of the associate judges of the Federal Court and one representative of the associate judges of the Tax Court of Canada participating in an inquiry of the Commission to whom costs shall be paid in accordance with this section.

• Marginal note:Entitlement to payment of costs

  (2) The representatives identified under subsection (1) are entitled to be paid, out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund, 95% of the costs determined under subsection (3) in respect of their participation.

• Marginal note:Determination of costs

  (3) An assessment officer of the Federal Court, other than a judge or an associate judge, shall determine the amount of costs, on a solicitor-and-client basis, in accordance with the Federal Courts Rules.

• Marginal note:Application

  (4) This section applies to costs incurred as of April 1, 2015 in relation to participation in any inquiry of the Commission.

Special and Representational Allowances

Marginal note:Allowance for incidental expenditures actually incurred

• 27 (1) On and after April 1, 2020, every judge in receipt of a salary under this Act is entitled to be paid, up to a maximum of $7,500 for each year, for reasonable incidental expenditures that the fit and proper execution of the office of judge may require, to the extent that the judge has actually incurred the expenditures and is not entitled to be reimbursed for them under any other provision of this Act.

• Marginal note:Allowance for incidental expenditures by associate judges

  (1.1) On and after April 1, 2020, every associate judge is entitled to be paid, up to a maximum of $7,500 for each year, for reasonable incidental expenditures that the fit and proper execution of the office of associate judge may require, to the extent that the associate judge has actually incurred the expenditures and is not entitled to be reimbursed for them under any other provision of this Act.

• Marginal note:Additional allowance for northern judges

  (2) On and after April 1, 2004, there shall be paid to each judge of the Supreme Court of Newfoundland and Labrador resident in Labrador and each judge of the Supreme Court of Yukon, the Supreme Court of the Northwest Territories and the Nunavut Court of Justice who is in receipt of a salary under this Act, in addition to the allowance provided by subsection (1), a non-accountable yearly allowance of $12,000 as compensation for the higher cost of living in Labrador and in the territories.

• Marginal note:Allowance — medical or dental treatment

  (2.1) If a judge referred to in subsection (2) is required to travel for the purpose of receiving a non-elective medical or dental treatment that is required without delay and unavailable at or in the immediate vicinity of the place where the judge resides, the judge is entitled to be paid an allowance for reasonable expenses actually incurred while travelling for that purpose, to the extent that the judge may not be reimbursed for them under any other provision of this Act.

• Marginal note:Additional allowance — Federal Courts and Tax Court of Canada

  (3) There shall be paid to every judge of the Federal Court of Appeal, the Federal Court and the Tax Court of Canada who is in receipt of a salary under this Act, in addition to the allowance provided by subsection (1), a non-accountable yearly allowance of $2,000 as compensation for special incidental expenditures inherent in the exercise of their office as judge.

• (3.1) [Repealed, 2002, c. 8, s. 86]

• Marginal note:Continuance in force of subsection (3)

  (4) Subsection (3) shall continue in force for so long as subsection 57(2) continues in force in relation to judges of superior courts in the provinces.

• Marginal note:Idem

  (5) The additional allowances described in subsections (2) and (3) are deemed not to be travel or personal or living expense allowances expressly fixed by this Act.

• Marginal note:Representational allowance

  (6) On and after April 1, 2020, each of the following judges is entitled to be paid, as a representational allowance, reasonable travel and other expenses actually incurred by the judge or the spouse or common-law partner of the judge in discharging the special extra-judicial obligations and responsibilities that devolve on the judge, to the extent that those expenses may not be reimbursed under any other provision of this Act and their aggregate amount does not exceed in any year the maximum amount indicated below in respect of the judge:

  • (a) the Chief Justice of Canada, $25,000;

  • (b) each puisne judge of the Supreme Court of Canada, $15,000;

  • (c) the Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Appeal and each chief justice described in sections 12 to 21 as the chief justice of a province, $17,500;

  • (d) each other chief justice referred to in sections 10 to 21, $15,000;

  • (e) the Chief Justices of the Court of Appeal of Yukon, the Court of Appeal of the Northwest Territories, the Court of Appeal of Nunavut, the Supreme Court of Yukon, the Supreme Court of the Northwest Territories and the Nunavut Court of Justice, $15,000 each;

  • (f) the Chief Justice of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada, $15,000; and

  • (g) the Senior Judge of the Family Court, and each regional senior judge, of the Superior Court of Justice in and for the Province of Ontario, $7,500.

• (7) [Repealed, 2006, c. 11, s. 6]

• Marginal note:Judge acting in place of recipient

  (8) Where any justice or judge mentioned in subsection (6), other than a puisne judge of the Supreme Court of Canada, is unable to discharge the obligations and responsibilities referred to in that subsection or the office of that justice or judge is vacant, the judge who acts in the place of that justice or judge is entitled to be paid the representational allowance provided for that justice or judge.

• Marginal note:Definition of chief justice

  (9) In this section, except in paragraphs (6)(a) and (c), chief justice includes a senior associate chief justice and an associate chief justice.

Supernumerary Judges and Associate Judges

Marginal note:Federal Courts and Tax Court

• 28 (1) If a judge of the Federal Court of Appeal, the Federal Court or the Tax Court of Canada notifies the Minister of his or her election to give up regular judicial duties and hold office only as a supernumerary judge, the judge shall hold the office of supernumerary judge of that Court from the time notice is given until he or she reaches the age of retirement, resigns or is removed from or otherwise ceases to hold office, or until the expiry of 10 years from the date of the election, whichever occurs earlier, and shall be paid the salary annexed to that office.

• Marginal note:Restriction on election

  (2) An election may be made under subsection (1) only by a judge

  • (a) who has continued in judicial office for at least 15 years and whose combined age and number of years in judicial office is not less than 80; or

  • (b) who has attained the age of 70 years and has continued in judicial office for at least 10 years.

• Marginal note:Duties of judge

  (3) A judge who has made the election referred to in subsection (1) shall hold himself or herself available to perform such special judicial duties as may be assigned to the judge

  • (a) by the Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Appeal, if the judge is a judge of that Court;

  • (b) by the Chief Justice or the Associate Chief Justice of the Federal Court, if the judge is a judge of that Court; or

  • (c) by the Chief Justice or the Associate Chief Justice of the Tax Court of Canada, if the judge is a judge of that Court.

• Marginal note:Salary of supernumerary judge

  (4) The salary of each supernumerary judge of the Federal Court of Appeal, the Federal Court or the Tax Court of Canada is the salary annexed to the office of a judge of that Court, other than the office of a Chief Justice or Associate Chief Justice.

Marginal note:Provincial superior courts

• 29 (1) If the legislature of a province has enacted legislation establishing for each office of judge of a superior court of the province the additional office of supernumerary judge of the court, and a judge of that court notifies the Minister and the attorney general of the province of the judge’s election to give up regular judicial duties and hold office only as a supernumerary judge, the judge shall hold the office of supernumerary judge from the time notice is given until he or she reaches the age of retirement, resigns or is removed from or otherwise ceases to hold office, or until the expiry of 10 years from the date of the election, whichever occurs earlier, and shall be paid the salary annexed to that office.

• Marginal note:Conditions

  (2) An election under subsection (1) may only be made by a judge

  • (a) who has continued in judicial office for at least 15 years and whose combined age and number of years in judicial office is not less than 80; or

  • (b) who has attained the age of 70 years and has continued in judicial office for at least 10 years.

• Marginal note:Duties of judge

  (3) A judge who has made the election referred to in subsection (1) shall hold himself or herself available to perform such special judicial duties as may be assigned to the judge

  • (a) by the chief justice, senior associate chief justice or associate chief justice, as the case may be, of the court of which the judge is a member or, where that court is constituted with divisions, of the division of which the judge is a member; or

  • (b) in the case of a supernumerary judge of the Supreme Court of Yukon, the Supreme Court of the Northwest Territories or the Nunavut Court of Justice, by the Chief Justice of that Court.

• Marginal note:Salary of supernumerary judge

  (4) The salary of each supernumerary judge of a superior court is the salary annexed to the office of a judge of that court other than a chief justice, senior associate chief justice or associate chief justice.

• Marginal note:Reference to attorney general of a province

  (5) In this section, a reference to the attorney general of a province shall be construed in relation to Yukon, the Northwest Territories and Nunavut as a reference to the Commissioner of that territory.

• (6) [Repealed, 2017, c. 33, s. 234]

Marginal note:Supernumerary associate judges

• 30 (1) If an associate judge notifies the Minister of his or her election to give up regular judicial duties and hold office only as a supernumerary associate judge, the associate judge shall hold the office of supernumerary associate judge from the time notice is given until he or she reaches the age of retirement, resigns or is removed from or otherwise ceases to hold office, or until the end of five years from the date of the election, whichever occurs earlier, and shall be paid the salary annexed to that office.

• Marginal note:Restriction on election

  (2) An election may be made under subsection (1) only by an associate judge

  • (a) who has continued in judicial office for at least 15 years and whose combined age and number of years in judicial office is not less than 80; or

  • (b) who has attained the age of 70 years and has continued in judicial office for at least 10 years.

• Marginal note:Duties of associate judge

  (3) An associate judge who has made the election referred to in subsection (1) shall hold himself or herself available to perform such special judicial duties as may be assigned to the associate judge by the chief justice or the associate chief justice of the court to which he or she is appointed.

• Marginal note:Salary of supernumerary associate judge

  (4) The salary of each supernumerary associate judge is the salary annexed to the office of an associate judge.

• Marginal note:Deemed election and notice

  (5) For the purposes of subsection (1), if an associate judge gives notice to the Minister of the associate judge’s election to be effective on a future day specified in the notice, being a day on which the associate judge will be eligible to make the election, the associate judge is, effective on that day, deemed to have elected and given notice of the election on that day.

Chief Justice Continuing as Judge

Marginal note:Election of Chief or Associate Chief to change to duties of judge only

• 31 (1) If the Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Appeal or the Chief Justice or Associate Chief Justice of the Federal Court or the Tax Court of Canada has notified the Minister of his or her election to cease to perform the duties of that office and to perform only the duties of a judge, he or she shall then hold only the office of a judge of the Federal Court of Appeal, the Federal Court or the Tax Court of Canada, as the case may be, and shall be paid the salary annexed to the office of a judge of that Court, until he or she reaches the age of retirement, resigns or is removed from or otherwise ceases to hold office.

• Marginal note:Restriction on election

  (2) The Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Appeal or the Chief Justice or Associate Chief Justice of the Federal Court or the Tax Court of Canada may make the election referred to in subsection (1) only if he or she has continued in the office for at least five years or has continued in the office and another office referred to in this subsection for a total of at least five years.

• Marginal note:Duties of judge

  (3) The Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Appeal or the Chief Justice or Associate Chief Justice of the Federal Court or the Tax Court of Canada who has made the election referred to in subsection (1) shall perform all of the judicial duties normally performed by a judge of the Federal Court of Appeal, the Federal Court or the Tax Court of Canada, as the case may be.

• Marginal note:Salary of judge

  (4) The salary of the Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Appeal or the Chief Justice or Associate Chief Justice of the Federal Court or the Tax Court of Canada who has made the election referred to in subsection (1) is the salary annexed to the office of a judge (other than the Chief Justice) of the Federal Court of Appeal, a judge (other than the Chief Justice or the Associate Chief Justice) of the Federal Court or a judge (other than the Chief Justice or the Associate Chief Justice) of the Tax Court of Canada, as the case may be.

Marginal note:Election of Chief Justice of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada

31.1 If the Chief Justice of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada notifies the Minister of their election to cease to perform the duties of that office and to perform only the duties of a judge of the court on which they serve, they shall, after giving that notice, hold only the office of a judge and shall be paid the salary annexed to the office of a judge, until they reach the age of retirement, resign or are removed from or otherwise cease to hold office.

Marginal note:Election to cease to perform duties of chief justice of provincial superior court

• 32 (1) Where the legislature of a province has enacted legislation establishing for each office of chief justice of a superior court of the province such additional offices of judge of that court as are required for the purposes of this section, and a chief justice of that court has notified the Minister and the attorney general of the province of his or her election to cease to perform the duties of chief justice and to perform only the duties of a judge, the chief justice shall thereupon hold only the office of a judge, other than a chief justice, of that court and shall be paid the salary annexed to the office of a judge, other than a chief justice, of that court until he or she reaches the age of retirement, resigns or is removed from or otherwise ceases to hold office.

• Marginal note:Restriction on election

  (2) A chief justice of a superior court of a province may make the election referred to in subsection (1) only if the chief justice has continued in the office of chief justice, senior associate chief justice or associate chief justice of a superior court of the province or a division thereof, or in two or more such offices, for at least five years.

• Marginal note:Duties of judge

  (3) A chief justice of a superior court of a province who has made the election referred to in subsection (1) shall perform all of the judicial duties normally performed by a judge, other than the chief justice, of that court.

• Marginal note:Salary of judge

  (4) The salary of each chief justice of a superior court of a province who has made the election referred to in subsection (1) is the salary annexed to the office of a judge of that court, other than a chief justice.

• Definition of chief justice and chief justice of a superior court of a province

  (5) In this section, chief justice or chief justice of a superior court of a province means a chief justice, senior associate chief justice or associate chief justice of such a court or, where the court is constituted with divisions, of a division thereof.

• (6) [Repealed, 1992, c. 51, s. 10]

Marginal note:Chief Justice

• 32.1 (1) If the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Yukon, the Supreme Court of the Northwest Territories or the Nunavut Court of Justice has notified the Minister and the attorney general of the territory of his or her election to cease to perform the duties of chief justice and to perform only the duties of a judge, he or she shall then hold only the office of a judge, other than the chief justice, of that court and shall be paid the salary annexed to the office of a judge, other than the chief justice, of that court until he or she reaches the age of retirement, resigns or is removed from or otherwise ceases to hold office.

• Marginal note:Restriction on election

  (2) A chief justice may make the election referred to in subsection (1) only if he or she has continued in that office for at least five years.

• Marginal note:Duties

  (3) A chief justice who has made the election referred to in subsection (1) shall perform all of the judicial duties normally performed by a judge, other than the chief justice, of the applicable court.

• Marginal note:Salary

  (4) The salary of a chief justice who has made the election referred to in subsection (1) is the salary annexed to the office of a judge, other than the chief justice, of the applicable court.

Early Notice

Marginal note:Deemed election and notice

• 33 (1) If a judge gives notice to the Minister and, if appropriate, to the attorney general of the province concerned of the judge’s election as provided in section 28, 29, 31, 31.1, 32 or 32.1 to be effective on a future day specified in the notice, being a day on which the judge will be eligible to so elect, the judge is, effective on that day, deemed to have elected and given notice of the election on that day under section 28, 29, 31, 31.1, 32 or 32.1, as the case may be.

• Marginal note:Reference to attorney general of a province

  (2) In this section, a reference to the attorney general of a province shall be construed in relation to Yukon, the Northwest Territories and Nunavut as a reference to the Commissioner of that territory.

Travel and Other Allowances

Marginal note:Superior courts

• 34 (1) Subject to this section and sections 36 to 39, a judge of a superior court who, for the purposes of performing any function or duty in that capacity, attends at any place other than that at which or in the immediate vicinity of which the judge is by law obliged to reside is entitled to be paid, as a travel allowance, moving or transportation expenses and the reasonable travel and other expenses incurred by the judge in so attending.

• Marginal note:Where no allowance

  (2) No judge is entitled to be paid a travel allowance for attending at or in the immediate vicinity of the place where the judge resides.

35 [Repealed, 1992, c. 51, s. 13]

Marginal note:Certain superior courts, where no allowance

• 36 (1) No travel allowance shall be paid

  • (a) to a judge of the Nova Scotia Court of Appeal or of the Supreme Court of Nova Scotia for attending at the judicial centre at which or in the immediate vicinity of which the judge maintains his or her principal office;

  • (b) to a judge of the Court of Appeal of Prince Edward Island or the Supreme Court of Prince Edward Island for attending at the city of Charlottetown; or

  • (c) to a judge of the Court of Appeal for British Columbia for attending at either of the cities of Victoria or Vancouver, unless the judge resides at the other of those cities or in the immediate vicinity thereof.

• Marginal note:Where place of residence approved by order in council

  (2) Nothing in subsection (1) affects the right of a judge to be paid a travel allowance under subsection 34(1) if the judge resides at a place approved by the Governor in Council.

Marginal note:Judges of Supreme Court of Nova Scotia

37 A judge of the Supreme Court of Nova Scotia who, for the purposes of performing any function or duty in that capacity, attends at any judicial centre within the judicial district for which the judge is designated as a resident judge, other than the judicial centre at which or in the immediate vicinity of which the judge resides or maintains his or her principal office, is entitled to be paid, as a travel allowance, moving or transportation expenses and the reasonable travel and other expenses incurred by the judge in so attending.

Marginal note:Judges of the Superior Court of Justice of Ontario

38 A judge of the Superior Court of Justice in and for the Province of Ontario who, for the purpose of performing any function or duty in that capacity, attends at any judicial centre within the region for which the judge was appointed or assigned, other than the judicial centre at which or in the immediate vicinity of which the judge resides, is entitled to be paid, as a travel allowance, moving or transportation expenses and the reasonable travel and other expenses incurred by the judge in so attending.

Marginal note:Certificate of judge

39 Every application for payment of a travel allowance shall be accompanied by a certificate of the judge applying for it showing the number of days for which a travel allowance is claimed and the amount of the actual expenses incurred.

Marginal note:Removal allowance

• 40 (1) A removal allowance shall be paid to

  • (a) a person who is appointed a judge of a superior court and who, for the purposes of assuming the functions and duties of that office, is required to move from his or her place of residence to a place outside the immediate vicinity of the place where the person resided at the time of the appointment;

  • (b) a judge of a superior court who, during tenure and for the purposes of performing the functions and duties of that office, is required to change the place of residence of the judge to a place other than that at which or in the immediate vicinity of which the judge was required to reside immediately before being required to change the place of residence of that judge;

  • (c) a judge of the Supreme Court of Newfoundland and Labrador resident in Labrador, the Supreme Court of Yukon, the Supreme Court of the Northwest Territories or the Nunavut Court of Justice who moves to a place of residence in one of the 10 provinces or in another territory during the period of two years

    • (i) beginning two years before the judge’s date of eligibility to retire, or

    • (ii) if no removal allowance is paid in respect of a move made during the period described in subparagraph (i), beginning on the judge’s date of retirement or resignation from office;

  • (d) a survivor or child, as defined in subsection 47(1), of a judge of the Supreme Court of Newfoundland and Labrador resident in Labrador, the Supreme Court of Yukon, the Supreme Court of the Northwest Territories or the Nunavut Court of Justice who dies while holding office as such, if the survivor or child lives with the judge at the time of the judge’s death and, within two years after the death, moves to a place of residence in one of the 10 provinces or in another territory;

  • (e) a judge of the Supreme Court of Canada, the Federal Court of Appeal, the Federal Court or the Tax Court of Canada who moves to a place of residence in Canada outside the area within which the judge was required to reside by the Act establishing that Court, during the period of two years

    • (i) beginning two years before the judge’s date of eligibility to retire, or

    • (ii) if no removal allowance is paid in respect of a move made during the period described in subparagraph (i), beginning on the judge’s date of retirement or resignation from office; and

  • (f) a survivor or child, as defined in subsection 47(1), of a judge of the Supreme Court of Canada, the Federal Court of Appeal, the Federal Court or the Tax Court of Canada who dies while holding office as such, if the survivor or child lives with the judge at the time of the judge’s death and, within two years after the death, moves to a place of residence in Canada outside the area within which the judge was required to reside by the Act establishing that Court.

• Marginal note:Limitation

  (1.1) Paragraphs (1)(c) and (d) apply only in respect of

  • (a) a judge who resided in one of the 10 provinces or in another territory at the time of appointment to the Supreme Court of Yukon, the Supreme Court of the Northwest Territories or the Nunavut Court of Justice, as the case may be; or

  • (b) a judge of the Supreme Court of Newfoundland and Labrador resident in Labrador who at the time of appointment did not reside there.

• Marginal note:Limitation

  (1.2) Paragraphs (1)(e) and (f) apply only in respect of a judge who, at the time of appointment to the Supreme Court of Canada, the Federal Court of Appeal, the Federal Court or the Tax Court of Canada, as the case may be, resided outside the area within which the judge was required to reside by the Act establishing that Court.

• Marginal note:Idem

  (2) A removal allowance referred to in subsection (1) shall be paid for moving and other expenses of such kinds as are prescribed by or under the authority of the Governor in Council and on such terms and conditions as are so prescribed.

• Marginal note:Expenses of spouse or common-law partner

  (2.1) Where a removal allowance is payable to a judge of the Supreme Court of Canada, the Federal Court of Appeal, the Federal Court or the Tax Court of Canada under paragraph (1)(a), an employment assistance allowance shall be paid to the judge’s spouse or common-law partner up to a maximum of $5,000 for expenses actually incurred by the spouse or common-law partner in pursuing employment in the judge’s new place of residence.

Marginal note:Meeting, conference and seminar expenses

• 41 (1) A judge of a superior court who attends a meeting, conference or seminar that is held for a purpose relating to the administration of justice and that the judge in the capacity of a judge is required by law to attend, or who, with the approval of the chief justice of that court, attends any such meeting, conference or seminar that the judge in that capacity is expressly authorized by law to attend, is entitled to be paid, as a conference allowance, reasonable travel and other expenses actually incurred by the judge in so attending.

• Marginal note:Expenses for other meetings, conferences or seminars

  (2) Subject to subsection (3), a judge of a superior court who, with the approval of the chief justice of that court,

  • (a) attends a meeting, conference or seminar that the judge in the capacity of a judge is not expressly authorized by law or is not required by law to attend but that is certified by the chief justice to be a meeting, conference or seminar having as its object or as one of its objects the promotion of efficiency or uniformity in the superior courts, or the improvement of the quality of judicial service in those courts, or

  • (b) in lieu of attending a meeting, conference or seminar referred to in paragraph (a) that is certified as provided in that paragraph, acquires written or recorded materials distributed for the purpose of, or written or recorded proceedings of, any such meeting, conference or seminar,

  is entitled to be paid, as a conference allowance, reasonable travel and other expenses actually incurred by the judge in so attending or the cost of acquiring the materials or proceedings, as the case may be.

• Marginal note:Limitation

  (3) Where the aggregate amount of conference allowances that have been paid under subsection (2) in any year

  • (a) to the judges of the Supreme Court of Canada exceeds the product obtained by multiplying the number of judges of that Court by one thousand dollars, or

  • (b) to the judges of any other particular superior court exceeds the greater of $5,000 and the product obtained by multiplying the number of judges of that court by $500,

  no additional amount may be paid under that subsection in that year as a conference allowance to any judge of that court except with the approval of the Minister.

• Marginal note:Definitions

  (4) For the purposes of this section,

  chief justice

  chief justice of any court of which a particular judge is a member means the chief justice or other person recognized by law as having rank or status senior to all other members of, or having the supervision of, that court, but if that court is constituted with divisions, then it means the person having that rank or status in relation to all other members of the division of which the particular judge is a member; (juge en chef)

  superior court

  superior court, in the case of a superior court constituted with divisions, means a division thereof. (juridiction supérieure)

Special Retirement Provision — Supreme Court of Canada Judges

Marginal note:Retired judge may continue to hold office

• 41.1 (1) A judge of the Supreme Court of Canada who has retired may, with the approval of the Chief Justice of Canada, continue to participate in judgments in which he or she participated before retiring, for a period not greater than six months after the date of the retirement.

• Marginal note:Salary, etc.

  (2) A retired judge participating in judgments shall receive

  • (a) the salary annexed to the office during that period less any amount otherwise payable to him or her under this Act in respect of the period, other than those amounts described in paragraphs (b) and (c);

  • (b) an amount that bears the same ratio to the allowance for incidental expenditures actually incurred referred to in subsection 27(1) that the number of months in the period bears to twelve; and

  • (c) the representational allowance referred to in subsection 27(6) for the period, as though the appropriate maximum referred to in that subsection were an amount that bears the same ratio to that allowance that the number of months in the period bears to twelve.

• Marginal note:No extra remuneration

  (3) Section 57 applies with respect to a judge to whom this section applies.

Benefits

Marginal note:Life insurance

• 41.2 (1) The Treasury Board shall establish, or enter into a contract to acquire, an insurance program for judges covering the following, on terms and conditions similar to those contained in the Public Service Management Insurance Plan and the public service management insurance directives that apply to executives:

  • (a) basic life insurance;

  • (b) supplementary life insurance;

  • (c) post-retirement life insurance;

  • (d) dependants’ insurance; and

  • (e) accidental death and dismemberment insurance.

• Marginal note:Administration

  (2) The Treasury Board may

  • (a) set terms and conditions in respect of the program, including those respecting premiums or contributions payable, benefits, and management and control of the program;

  • (b) make contributions and pay premiums or benefits, as required, out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund; and

  • (c) undertake and do all things it considers appropriate for the purpose of administering or supervising the program.

• Marginal note:Non-application of certain regulations

  (3) A contract entered into under this section is not subject to any regulation with respect to contracts made by the Treasury Board under the Financial Administration Act.

• Marginal note:Compulsory participation

  (4) Participation in basic life insurance under paragraph (1)(a) is compulsory for all judges.

• Marginal note:Transitional

  (5) A judge who holds office on the day on which this section comes into force may, despite subsection (4), elect, at any time within ninety days after that day,

  • (a) to participate in basic life insurance under paragraph (1)(a) but have his or her coverage under it limited to 100 per cent of salary at the time of his or her death; or

  • (b) not to participate in basic life insurance.

• Marginal note:Transitional

  (6) Subject to subsection (7), on the coming into force of this section, judges shall no longer be eligible for coverage under any other life insurance program established by the Treasury Board.

• Marginal note:Supplementary life insurance

  (7) Those judges covered by supplementary life insurance on the coming into force of this section may have their coverage continued under the insurance program for judges, unless they have made an election under paragraph (5)(b).

Marginal note:Health and dental care benefits

• 41.3 (1) Judges shall be eligible to participate in the Public Service Health Care Plan and the Public Service Dental Care Plan established by the Treasury Board, on the same terms and conditions as apply to employees in the executive group.

• Marginal note:Health and dental care benefits for retired judges

  (2) Judges who are in receipt of an annuity under this Act shall be eligible to participate in the Public Service Health Care Plan and the Pensioners’ Dental Services Plan established by the Treasury Board, on the same terms and conditions as apply to pensioners.

• Marginal note:Administration

  (3) Subject to subsections (1) and (2), the Treasury Board may

  • (a) set any terms and conditions in respect of those plans, including those respecting premiums or contributions payable, benefits, and management and control of the plans;

  • (b) make contributions and pay premiums or benefits, as required, out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund; and

  • (c) undertake and do all things it considers appropriate for the purpose of administering or supervising the plans.

Marginal note:Accidental death in the exercise of duties

• 41.4 (1) Compensation, within the meaning of the Government Employees Compensation Act, shall be paid to the dependants of a judge whose death results from an accident arising out of or in the performance of judicial duties, on the same basis as that paid to dependants eligible for compensation under that Act.

• Marginal note:Flying accidents causing death

  (2) Regulations made under section 9 of the Aeronautics Act apply with respect to a judge whose death results from an accident arising out of or in the performance of judicial duties.

• Marginal note:Death resulting from act of violence

  (3) Compensation shall be paid to the survivors of a judge whose death results from an act of violence unlawfully committed by another person or persons that occurs while the judge is performing judicial duties, on the same basis as that paid to the survivors of employees slain on duty within the meaning of the Public Service Income Benefit Plan for Survivors of Employees Slain on Duty, with any modifications that the circumstances require.

• Marginal note:Application

  (4) Subsections (1) to (3) apply to deaths that occur on or after April 1, 2000.

Marginal note:Delegation

• 41.5 (1) The Treasury Board may authorize the President or Secretary of the Treasury Board to exercise and perform, in such manner and subject to such terms and conditions as the Treasury Board directs, any of the powers and functions of the Treasury Board under sections 41.2 and 41.3 and may, from time to time as it sees fit, revise or rescind and reinstate the authority so granted.

• Marginal note:Subdelegation

  (2) The President or Secretary of the Treasury Board may, subject to and in accordance with the authorization, authorize one or more persons under his or her jurisdiction or any other person to exercise or perform any of those powers or functions.

Annuities for Judges

Marginal note:Payment of annuities

• 42 (1) A judge shall be paid an annuity equal to two thirds of the salary annexed to the office held by the judge at the time of his or her resignation, removal or attaining the age of retirement, as the case may be, if the judge

  • (a) has continued in judicial office for at least 15 years, has a combined age and number of years in judicial office that is not less than 80 and resigns from office;

  • (b) has attained the age of retirement and has held judicial office for at least 10 years; or

  • (c) has continued in judicial office on the Supreme Court of Canada for at least 10 years and resigns from office.

• Marginal note:Grant of annuities

  (1.1) The Governor in Council shall grant to a judge an annuity equal to two thirds of the salary annexed to the office held by the judge at the time of his or her resignation, removal or attaining the age of retirement, as the case may be, if the judge

  • (a) has continued in judicial office for at least 15 years and resigns his or her office, if in the opinion of the Governor in Council the resignation is conducive to the better administration of justice or is in the national interest; or

  • (b) has become afflicted with a permanent infirmity disabling him or her from the due execution of the office of judge and resigns his or her office or by reason of that infirmity is removed from office.

• Marginal note:Prorated annuity

  (2) If a judge who has attained the age of retirement has held judicial office for less than 10 years, an annuity shall be paid to that judge that bears the same ratio to the annuity described in subsection (1) as the number of years the judge has held judicial office, to the nearest one tenth of a year, bears to 10 years.

• Marginal note:Duration of annuities

  (3) An annuity granted or paid to a judge under this section shall commence on the day of his or her resignation, removal or attaining the age of retirement and shall continue during the life of the judge.

• Marginal note:Definition of judicial office

  (4) In this section, judicial office means the office of a judge of a superior or county court or the office of an associate judge.

Marginal note:Annuity payable to supernumerary judge

• 43 (1) If a supernumerary judge, before becoming one, held the office of chief justice, senior associate chief justice or associate chief justice, the annuity payable to the judge under section 42 is an annuity equal to two thirds of the salary annexed, at the time of his or her resignation, removal or attaining the age of retirement, to the office of chief justice, senior associate chief justice or associate chief justice previously held by him or her.

• Marginal note:Annuity for former supernumerary judge

  (1.1) If a supernumerary judge to whom subsection (1) applies is appointed to a different court to perform only the duties of a judge, the annuity payable to the judge under section 42 is an annuity equal to two thirds of the salary annexed, at the time of his or her resignation, removal or attaining the age of retirement, to the office of chief justice, senior associate chief justice or associate chief justice previously held by him or her.

• Marginal note:Annuity — election under section 31, 32 or 32.1

  (2) If the Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Appeal or the Chief Justice or Associate Chief Justice of the Federal Court or the Tax Court of Canada, in accordance with section 31, or a chief justice of a superior court of a province, in accordance with section 32, or the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Yukon, the Supreme Court of the Northwest Territories or the Nunavut Court of Justice, in accordance with section 32.1, has elected to cease to perform his or her duties and to perform only the duties of a judge, the annuity payable to him or her under section 42 is an annuity equal to two thirds of the salary annexed, at the time of his or her resignation, removal or attainment of the age of retirement, to the office held by him or her immediately before his or her election.

• Marginal note:Annuity — election under section 31.1

  (2.1) If the Chief Justice of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada, in accordance with section 31.1, has elected to cease to perform his or her duties as such and to perform only the duties of a judge, the annuity payable to him or her under section 42 is an annuity equal to two thirds of the salary annexed, at the time of his or her resignation, removal or attaining the age of retirement, to the office held by him or her immediately before his or her election, if he or she had continued in that office for at least five years or had continued in that office and any other office of chief justice for a total of at least five years.

• Marginal note:Annuity payable to chief justice

  (2.2) If a chief justice is appointed to a different court to perform only the duties of a judge, the annuity payable to him or her under section 42 is an annuity equal to two thirds of the salary annexed, at the time of his or her resignation, removal or attaining the age of retirement, to the office of chief justice, if he or she had continued in that office for at least five years or had continued in that office and any other office of chief justice for at least five years.

• Marginal note:Definition of chief justice and chief justice of a superior court of a province

  (3) In subsections (2) to (2.2), chief justice or chief justice of a superior court of a province means a chief justice, senior associate chief justice or associate chief justice of that court, or, if that court is constituted with divisions, of a division of that court.

• Marginal note:Application of subsections (1) and (2)

  (4) Subsections (1) and (2) are deemed to have come into force on April 1, 2012.

Prorated Annuities — Early Retirement

Marginal note:55 years of age and 10 years in office

• 43.1 (1) A judge who has attained the age of 55 years, has continued in judicial office for at least 10 years and elects early retirement shall be paid an immediate annuity or a deferred annuity, at the option of the judge, calculated in accordance with this section.

• Marginal note:Calculation of amount of deferred annuity

  (2) The amount of the deferred annuity shall be two thirds of the amount of the salary annexed to the judge’s office at the time of the election multiplied by a fraction of which

  • (a) the numerator is the number of years, to the nearest one tenth of a year, during which the judge has continued in judicial office, and

  • (b) the denominator is the number of years, to the nearest one tenth of a year, during which the judge would have been required to continue in judicial office in order to be eligible to be paid an annuity under paragraph 42(1)(a) or (b).

• Marginal note:Immediate annuity

  (3) If a judge exercises the option to receive an immediate annuity, the amount of that annuity is equal to the amount of the deferred annuity, reduced by the product obtained by multiplying

  • (a) five per cent of the amount of the deferred annuity

    by

  • (b) the difference between sixty and his or her age in years, to the nearest one-tenth of a year, at the time he or she exercises the option.

• Marginal note:Second exercise of option

  (4) A judge whose option was to receive a deferred annuity may, between the date of that option and the date on which the deferred annuity would be payable, opt for an immediate annuity. An immediate annuity shall be paid to the judge from the date of the second option.

• Marginal note:Survivor’s annuity

  (5) On the death of a judge who has been paid an immediate annuity or a deferred annuity under subsection (1) or (4), the annuity paid to a survivor under subsection 44(2) shall be determined as if the judge were in receipt of a deferred annuity.

• Marginal note:Definitions

  (6) The definitions in this subsection apply in this section.

  deferred annuity

  deferred annuity means an annuity that becomes payable to a judge at the time that he or she reaches sixty years of age and that continues to be paid during the life of the judge. (pension différée)

  immediate annuity

  immediate annuity means an annuity that becomes payable to a judge at the time that he or she exercises an option to receive the annuity and that continues to be paid during the life of the judge. (pension immédiate)

  judicial office

  judicial office includes the office of an associate judge. (magistrature)

Annuities for Survivors

Marginal note:Annuity for surviving spouse

• 44 (1) Subject to this section, if a judge of a superior court while holding office died or dies after July 10, 1955, the survivor of the judge shall be paid, commencing on July 18, 1983 or immediately after the death of the judge, whichever is later, and continuing during the life of the survivor, an annuity equal to one third of

  • (a) the salary of the judge at the date of the death of the judge, or

  • (b) the salary annexed, at the date of death, to the office previously held by the judge of chief justice, senior associate chief justice or associate chief justice, if one of subsections 43(1), (1.1), (2), (2.1) or (2.2) would have applied to the judge if he or she had resigned, been removed or attained the age of retirement, on the day of death.

• Marginal note:Judge receiving annuity

  (2) Subject to this section, if a judge who, before, on or after July 11, 1955, was granted or paid a pension or annuity under this Act or any other Act of Parliament providing for pensions or annuities to be granted or paid to judges, died or dies after July 10, 1955, the survivor of the judge shall be paid

  • (a) an annuity equal to one half of the pension or annuity granted or paid to the judge, commencing on July 18, 1983 or immediately after the death of the judge, whichever is later, and continuing during the life of the survivor; or

  • (b) if a division of the judge’s annuity benefits has been made under section 52.14, an annuity equal to one half of the annuity that would have been granted or paid to the judge had the annuity benefits not been divided, commencing immediately after the death of the judge and continuing during the life of the survivor.

• Marginal note:Prothonotaries

  (3) No annuity shall be paid under this section to the survivor of a prothonotary of the Federal Court if the prothonotary ceased to hold the office of prothonotary before the day on which this subsection comes into force.

• Marginal note:Limitation on annuity for survivor

  (4) No annuity shall be paid under this section to the survivor of a judge if the survivor became the spouse or began to cohabit with the judge in a conjugal relationship after the judge ceased to hold office.

• (5) and (6) [Repealed, R.S., 1985, c. 39 (3rd Supp.), s. 2]

Marginal note:Election for enhanced annuity for survivor

• 44.01 (1) Subject to the regulations, a judge may elect to have the annuity to be paid to his or her survivor increased so that it is calculated as if the reference to “one half” in subsection 44(2) were read as a reference to “60%” or “75%”.

• Marginal note:Reduction of annuity

  (2) If a judge makes the election, the amount of the annuity granted or paid to the judge shall be reduced in accordance with the regulations as of the date the election takes effect, but the combined actuarial present value of the reduced annuity and the annuity that would be paid to the survivor must not be less than the combined actuarial present value of the annuity granted or paid to the judge and the annuity that would be paid to the survivor, immediately before the reduction is made.

• Marginal note:Election to take effect at time of retirement

  (3) Subject to subsection (6), an election under this section takes effect on the date that the judge ceases to hold office.

• Marginal note:Death within one year after election

  (4) Despite anything in this section, when a judge dies within one year after the election takes effect, the annuity payable to the survivor remains that payable under subsection 44(2) and the amount representing the reduction that was made in the amount of the judge’s annuity under subsection (2) shall be repaid to the judge’s estate or succession, together with interest at the rate prescribed under the Income Tax Act for amounts payable by the Minister of National Revenue as refunds of overpayments of tax under that Act.

• Marginal note:Regulations

  (5) The Governor in Council may make regulations respecting

  • (a) the time, manner and circumstances in which an election is made, is deemed to have been made or is deemed not to have been made, is revoked or is deemed to have been revoked, or ceases to have effect, and the retroactive application of that making, revocation or cessation;

  • (b) the reduction to be made in the amount of a judge’s annuity when the election is made;

  • (c) the calculation of the amount of the annuity to be paid to the judge and the survivor under subsection (2);

  • (d) the time, manner and circumstances in which a reduction of a judge’s annuity may be returned and interest may be paid; and

  • (e) any other matter that the Governor in Council considers necessary for carrying out the purposes and provisions of this section.

• Marginal note:Transitional

  (6) A judge who is in receipt of an annuity on the day on which this section comes into force may make his or her election in accordance with the regulations, and the election takes effect on the day this section comes into force.

• Marginal note:Limitation on annuity to survivor

  (7) Despite anything in this section, no election may be made under this section for the benefit of a spouse or common-law partner of a judge unless that person was the spouse or common-law partner at the date the judge ceased to hold office.

Marginal note:Annuity to be prorated between the two survivors

• 44.1 (1) Notwithstanding section 44, if there are two persons who are entitled to an annuity under that section, each survivor shall receive a share of the annuity prorated in accordance with subsection (2) for his or her life.

• Marginal note:Determination of prorated share

  (2) The prorated share of each survivor is equal to the product obtained by multiplying the annuity by a fraction of which the numerator is the number of years that the survivor cohabited with the judge, whether before or after his or her appointment as a judge, and the denominator is the total obtained by adding the number of years that each of the survivors so cohabited with the judge.

• Marginal note:Years

  (3) In determining a number of years for the purpose of subsection (2), a part of a year shall be counted as a full year if the part is six or more months and shall be ignored if it is less.

• Marginal note:Waiver

  (4) A survivor is not entitled to receive an annuity under section 44 or this section if the survivor has waived his or her entitlement to the annuity under an agreement entered into in accordance with applicable provincial law.

Marginal note:Election for former judges

• 44.2 (1) Subject to the regulations, a judge to whom an annuity has been granted or paid may elect to reduce his or her annuity so that an annuity may be paid to a person who, at the time of the election, is the spouse or common-law partner of the judge but to whom an annuity under section 44 must not be paid.

• Marginal note:Reduction of annuity

  (2) If a judge makes the election, the amount of the annuity granted or paid to the judge shall be reduced in accordance with the regulations, but the combined actuarial present value of the reduced annuity and the annuity that would be paid to the spouse or common-law partner under subsection (3) must not be less than the actuarial present value of the annuity granted or paid to the judge immediately before the reduction is made.

• Marginal note:Payment to person in respect of whom election is made

  (3) When the judge dies, the spouse or common-law partner in respect of whom an election was made shall be paid an annuity in an amount determined in accordance with the election, subsection (2) and the regulations.

• Marginal note:Death within one year after election

  (3.1) Despite anything in this section, when a judge dies within one year after making the election, the election is deemed not to have been made and the amount representing the reduction that was made in the amount of the judge’s annuity under subsection (2) shall be repaid to the judge’s estate or succession, together with interest at the rate prescribed under the Income Tax Act for amounts payable by the Minister of National Revenue as refunds of overpayments of tax under that Act.

• Marginal note:Regulations

  (4) The Governor in Council may make regulations respecting

  • (a) the time, manner and circumstances in which an election is made, is deemed to have been made or is deemed not to have been made, is revoked or is deemed to have been revoked, or ceases to have effect, and the retroactive application of that making, revocation or cessation;

  • (b) the reduction to be made in the amount of a judge’s annuity when an election is made;

  • (c) the amount of the annuity to be paid under subsection (3);

  • (d) the time, manner and circumstances in which a reduction of a judge’s annuity may be returned and interest may be paid; and

  • (e) any other matter that the Governor in Council considers necessary for carrying out the purposes and provisions of this section.

45 and 46 [Repealed, 1992, c. 51, s. 21]

Lump Sum Payment

Marginal note:Lump sum payment

46.1 Where a judge dies while holding office, a lump sum equal to one sixth of the yearly salary of the judge at the time of death shall be paid to the survivor of the judge or, if there are two survivors, to the survivor who was cohabiting with the judge at the time of death, and if there is no survivor, to the estate or succession of the judge.

Annuities for Surviving Children

Definition of child

• 47 (1) For the purposes of this section and sections 48 and 49, child means a child of a judge, including a child adopted legally or in fact, who

  • (a) is less than eighteen years of age; or

  • (b) is eighteen or more years of age but less than twenty-five years of age and is in full-time attendance at a school or university, having been in such attendance substantially without interruption since the child of the judge reached eighteen years of age or the judge died, whichever occurred later.

• Marginal note:Regulations respecting school attendance

  (2) The Governor in Council may make regulations

  • (a) defining, for the purposes of this Act, the expression “full-time attendance at a school or university” as applied to a child of a judge; and

  • (b) specifying, for the purposes of this Act, the circumstances under which attendance at a school or university shall be determined to be substantially without interruption.

• Marginal note:Annuity for surviving children

  (3) If a judge of a superior or county court dies while holding office, or a judge who was granted or paid an annuity after October 5, 1971 dies, an annuity shall be paid to each surviving child of that judge as provided in subsections (4) and (5).

• Marginal note:Annuity for children if survivor

  (4) Each child of a judge described in subsection (3) shall be paid

  • (a) if the judge leaves a survivor, an annuity equal to one-fifth of the annuity that is provided for a survivor under subsection 44(1) or (2); and

  • (b) if there is no survivor or the survivor dies, an annuity equal to two-fifths of the annuity that is provided for a survivor under subsection 44(1) or (2).

• Marginal note:Maximum of annuities to children

  (5) The total amount of the annuities paid under subsection (4) shall not exceed four-fifths, in the case described in paragraph (4)(a), and eight-fifths, in the case described in paragraph (4)(b), of the annuity that is provided for a survivor under subsection 44(1) or (2).

• (6) [Repealed, 2000, c. 12, s. 165]

Marginal note:Apportionment of annuities among surviving children

• 48 (1) If, in computing the annuities to be paid under subsection 47(3) to the children of a judge referred to in that subsection, it is determined that there are more than four children of the judge to whom an annuity shall be paid, the total amount of the annuities paid shall be apportioned among the children in the shares that the Minister considers just and proper under the circumstances.

• Marginal note:Children’s annuities, to whom paid

  (2) If an annuity under this Act is paid to a child of a judge, payment shall, if the child is less than 18 years of age, be made to the person having the custody and control of the child or, if there is no person having the custody and control of the child, to any person that the Minister directs and, for the purposes of this subsection, the survivor of the judge, except if the child is living apart from the survivor, shall be presumed, in the absence of evidence to the contrary, to be the person having the custody and control of the child.

Regulations concerning Inheritance Taxes

Marginal note:Payment of certain taxes out of C.R.F.

49 The Governor in Council may make regulations providing for the payment out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund, on the payment of an annuity under this Act to the survivor or children of a judge or a retired judge, of the whole or any part of the portion of any estate, legacy, succession or inheritance duties or taxes that are payable by the survivor or children with respect to the annuity, as is determined in accordance with the regulations to be attributable to that annuity, and prescribing the amount by which and the manner in which the annuity in that case shall be reduced.

Judges’ Contributions toward Annuities

Marginal note:Judges appointed before February 17, 1975

• 50 (1) Every judge appointed before February 17, 1975 to hold office as a judge of a superior or county court shall, by reservation from the judge’s salary under this Act, contribute to the Consolidated Revenue Fund one and one-half per cent of that salary.

• Marginal note:Judges appointed after February 16, 1975

  (2) Every judge appointed after February 16, 1975 to whom subsection (1) does not apply, shall, by reservation from the judge’s salary under this Act, contribute

  • (a) to the Consolidated Revenue Fund an amount equal to six per cent of that salary; and

  • (b) to the Supplementary Retirement Benefits Account established in the accounts of Canada pursuant to the Supplementary Retirement Benefits Act,

    • (i) prior to 1977, an amount equal to one-half of one per cent of that salary, and

    • (ii) commencing with the month of January 1977, an amount equal to one per cent of that salary.

• Marginal note:Adjustment of contributions

  (2.1) A supernumerary judge, a judge who continues in judicial office after having been in judicial office for at least 15 years and whose combined age and number of years in judicial office is not less than 80, a judge of the Supreme Court of Canada who has continued in judicial office on that Court for at least 10 years, or a judge referred to in section 41.1 is not required to contribute under subsections (1) and (2) but is required to contribute, by reservation from salary, to the Supplementary Retirement Benefits Account at a rate of one per cent of his or her salary.

• Marginal note:Interest

  (2.2) Interest is payable on all contributions refunded as a result of the application of subsection (2.1) at the rate prescribed under the Income Tax Act for amounts payable by the Minister of National Revenue as refunds of overpayments of tax under that Act.

• Marginal note:Income Tax Act

  (3) For the purposes of the Income Tax Act, the amounts contributed by a judge pursuant to subsection (1), (2) or (2.1) are deemed to be contributed to or under a registered pension plan.

• Marginal note:Amounts to be credited to S.R.B. Account

  (4) Where any amount is paid into the Supplementary Retirement Benefits Account pursuant to paragraph (2)(b), an amount equal to the amount so paid shall be credited to that Account.

• Marginal note:Definition of judicial office

  (5) In this section, judicial office includes the office of an associate judge.

Marginal note:Return of contributions if no annuity

• 51 (1) If a judge has ceased to hold office otherwise than by reason of death and, at the time he or she ceased to hold office, no annuity under this Act was granted or could be paid to that judge, there shall be paid to the judge, in respect of his or her having ceased to hold that office, an amount equal to the total contributions made by him or her under subsection 50(1) or paragraph 50(2)(a), together with interest, if any, calculated in accordance with subsection (4).

• Marginal note:Return of contributions if annuity

  (2) If a judge to whom subsection 50(1) applies has ceased to hold office otherwise than by reason of death and that judge is granted or paid an annuity under this Act, there shall be paid to the judge in respect of his or her having ceased to hold that office an amount equal to the total contributions made by the judge under subsection 50(1), together with interest, if any, calculated in accordance with subsection (4), if,

  • (a) at the time the judge ceased to hold office, there is no person to whom an annuity under this Act could be paid in respect of the judge on his or her death; or

  • (b) at any time after the judge ceased to hold office but before his or her death, all persons to whom an annuity under this Act could be paid in respect of the judge on his or her death have died or ceased to be eligible to be paid an annuity.

• Marginal note:Death benefit

  (3) Where, on or at any time after the death of a judge who died while holding office, or the death of a judge who died after ceasing to hold office but to whom no amount has been paid under subsection (1) or (2), there is no person or there is no longer any person to whom an annuity under this Act may be paid in respect of the judge, any amount by which

  • (a) the total contributions made by the judge under subsection 50(1) or paragraph 50(2)(a), together with interest, if any, calculated pursuant to subsection (4),

  exceeds

  • (b) the total amount, if any, paid to or in respect of the judge as annuity payments under this Act,

  shall thereupon be paid as a death benefit to the estate of the judge or, if less than one thousand dollars, as the Minister may direct.

• Marginal note:Interest on payments and amounts of contributions

  (4) Where an amount becomes payable under subsection (1), (2) or (3) in respect of contributions made by a judge under subsection 50(1) or paragraph 50(2)(a), the Minister shall

  • (a) determine the total amount of contributions that have been made under that provision by the judge in respect of each year, in this subsection called a “contribution year”, in which contributions were made by the judge; and

  • (b) calculate interest on the amount determined under paragraph (a) in respect of each contribution year, compounded annually,

    • (i) in respect of each contribution year before 1997,

      • (A) at the rate of four per cent from December 31 of the contribution year to December 31, 1996, and

      • (B) at the rate prescribed under the Income Tax Act for amounts payable by the Minister of National Revenue as refunds of overpayments of tax under that Act in effect from time to time, from December 31, 1996 to December 31 of the year immediately before the year in which the amount in respect of contributions made by the judge becomes payable, and

    • (ii) in respect of the 1997 contribution year and each contribution year after 1997, at the rate mentioned in clause (i)(B) from December 31 of the contribution year to December 31 of the year immediately before the year in which the amount in respect of contributions made by the judge becomes payable.

Diversion Under Financial Support Order

Marginal note:Diversion of payments to satisfy financial support order

• 52 (1) If a court in Canada of competent jurisdiction has made an order requiring a recipient of an annuity or other amount payable under section 42, 43, 43.1, 44, 44.1 or 44.2 or subsection 51(1) to pay financial support, amounts so payable to the recipient are subject to being diverted to the person named in the order in accordance with Part II of the Garnishment, Attachment and Pension Diversion Act.

• Marginal note:Payment deemed to be to former judge

  (2) For the purposes of this Part, any payment made pursuant to subsection (1) shall be deemed to have been made to the former judge in respect of whom the payment was made.

Division of Judge’s Annuity Benefits on Conjugal Breakdown

Marginal note:Definitions

52.1 The following definitions apply in this section and in sections 52.11 to 52.22.

agreement

agreement means an agreement referred to in subparagraph 52.11(2)(b)(ii). (accord)

annuity

annuity means an annuity payable under section 42, 43 or 43.1. (pension)

annuity benefit

annuity benefit means an annuity or a return of contributions payable under section 51, and includes amounts payable to a judge under the Supplementary Retirement Benefits Act. (prestation de pension)

application

application means an application made under subsection 52.11(1). (demande)

court order

court order means an order referred to in paragraph 52.11(2)(a) or subparagraph 52.11(2)(b)(i). (ordonnance)

interested party

interested party, in relation to an application for division of a judge’s annuity benefits, means the judge or the spouse, former spouse or former common-law partner with whom those benefits would be divided under the application. (intéressé)

judge

judge includes a former judge who has been granted or paid an annuity. (juge)

Minister

Minister[Repealed, 2023, c. 18, s. 3]

prescribed

prescribed means prescribed by regulation. (Version anglaise seulement)

spouse

spouse, in relation to a judge, includes a person who is a party to a void marriage with the judge. (époux)

Marginal note:Application for division

• 52.11 (1) A judge or a spouse, former spouse or former common-law partner of a judge may, in the circumstances described in subsection (2), apply in accordance with the regulations for the division of the judge’s annuity benefits between the judge and the spouse, former spouse or former common-law partner.

• Marginal note:When application may be made

  (2) An application may be made under the following circumstances:

  • (a) where a court of competent jurisdiction in Canada, in proceedings in relation to divorce, annulment of marriage or separation, has made an order that provides for the annuity benefits to be divided between the interested parties; or

  • (b) where the interested parties have been living separate and apart for a period of one year or more and, either before or after they began to live separate and apart,

    • (i) a court of competent jurisdiction in Canada has made an order that provides for the annuity benefits to be divided between them, or

    • (ii) the interested parties have entered into a written agreement that provides for the annuity benefits to be divided between them.

• Marginal note:Notice to interested parties

  (3) The Minister shall send to each interested party in accordance with the regulations a notice of the receipt of an application.

Marginal note:Objections by interested parties

• 52.12 (1) An interested party who objects to the division of annuity benefits on any of the grounds described in subsection (2) may submit a notice of objection in writing in accordance with the regulations within 90 days after the day on which notice of the receipt of the application is sent to the interested party under subsection 52.11(3).

• Marginal note:Grounds for objection

  (2) The grounds for objection are as follows:

  • (a) the court order or agreement on which the application is based has been varied or is of no force or effect;

  • (b) the terms of the court order or agreement have been or are being satisfied by other means; or

  • (c) proceedings have been commenced in a court of competent jurisdiction in Canada to appeal or review the court order or challenge the terms of the agreement.

• Marginal note:Documentary evidence

  (3) An interested party who submits a notice of objection shall include with that notice documentary evidence to establish the grounds for objection.

Marginal note:Approval of division

• 52.13 (1) Subject to subsections (2) and (3), the Minister shall, as soon as is practicable after the Minister is satisfied that an application meets the requirements of this Act, approve the division of annuity benefits in respect of which the application is made.

• Marginal note:When decision to be deferred

  (2) When an interested party submits a notice of objection in accordance with section 52.12, the Minister shall

  • (a) if the objection is made on the grounds referred to in paragraph 52.12(2)(a) or (b), defer a decision on the application until the Minister is able to ascertain to his or her satisfaction whether those grounds have been established; and

  • (b) if the objection is made on the grounds referred to in paragraph 52.12(2)(c), defer a decision on the application until the final disposition of the proceedings on which those grounds are based.

• Marginal note:Refusal of division

  (3) The Minister shall refuse to approve the division of annuity benefits if

  • (a) the application is withdrawn in accord­ance with the regulations;

  • (b) a notice of objection has been submitted on grounds referred to in paragraph 52.12(2)(a) or (b) and the Minister is satisfied that those grounds have been established and constitute sufficient reason to refuse the division;

  • (c) a notice of objection has been submitted on grounds referred to in paragraph 52.12(2)(c) and the court order or agreement is of no force or effect as a result of the proceedings referred to in that paragraph;

  • (d) the period of cohabitation of the judge and the spouse, former spouse or former common-law partner cannot be determined under subsection 52.14(6); or

  • (e) the Minister is satisfied, based on evidence submitted by any person, that it would not be just to approve the division.

• Marginal note:Exception

  (4) Notwithstanding subsection (3), the Minister may approve the division of annuity benefits on the basis of an order of a court issued pursuant to any proceedings referred to in paragraph 52.12(2)(c).

• Marginal note:Transitional

  (5) The Minister may approve the division of the annuity benefits even though the court order or agreement on which the application is based was made or entered into before the day on which subsection 52.11(1) comes into force.

Marginal note:Division of annuity benefits

• 52.14 (1) Subject to subsections (3) and (3.1), where the Minister approves the division of the annuity benefits of a judge, the spouse, former spouse or former common-law partner shall be accorded a share of the annuity benefits consisting of

  • (a) an amount representing 50% of a proportion, determined in accordance with subsection (2), of the value of the annuity that is attributed, in accordance with the regulations, to the period subject to division; or

  • (b) if the terms of the court order or agreement on which the application for division is based provide for the payment to the spouse, former spouse or former common-law partner of a share of annuity benefits that is less than the amount determined under paragraph (a), that lesser share.

• Marginal note:Proportion of annuity value

  (2) The proportion of the value of an annuity referred to in paragraph (1)(a) is

  • (a) subject to paragraph (b), the period subject to division divided by the judge’s number of years of service until the judge’s actual date of retirement or, in the case of a judge who has not yet retired, until the judge’s expected date of retirement determined in accordance with the regulations; or

  • (b) in the case of a judge who had resigned or been removed from office by reason of an infirmity, the quotient obtained by dividing

    • (i) the period, measured to the nearest one tenth of a year, from the beginning of the period subject to division to the earlier of the end of the period of cohabitation and the judge’s expected date of retirement if the infirmity had not occurred, determined in accordance with the regulations,

    by

    • (ii) the judge’s number of years of service up to the judge’s expected date of retirement if the infirmity had not occurred, determined in accordance with the regulations.

• Marginal note:Return of contributions

  (3) Subject to subsections (3.1) and (4), if the Minister approves the division of the annuity benefits of a judge who was not eligible to be paid an annuity at the end of the period subject to division, the spouse, former spouse or former common-law partner shall be accorded a share of the annuity benefits consisting of

  • (a) an amount equal to 50% of the contributions made by the judge under section 50 during the period subject to division plus 50% of any interest payable on those contributions; or

  • (b) if the terms of the court order or agreement on which the application for division is based provide for the payment to the spouse, former spouse or former common-law partner of a share of annuity benefits that is less than the amount determined under paragraph (a), that lesser share.

• Marginal note:Return of contributions — infirm annuitant

  (3.1) Subject to subsection (4), if the Minister approves the division of the annuity benefits of a judge who had been granted an annuity by reason of an infirmity but was not otherwise eligible to be paid an annuity at the end of the period subject to division, the spouse, former spouse or former common-law partner shall be accorded a share of the annuity benefits consisting of

  • (a) an amount equal to 50% of the contributions that would have been made during the period described in subparagraph (2)(b)(i) if the judge had continued in office, on the basis of the salary annexed to the office held by the judge at the time the judge ceased to hold office, plus 50% of any interest payable on those contributions; or

  • (b) if the terms of the court order or agreement on which the application for division is based provide for the payment to the spouse, former spouse or former common-law partner of a share of annuity benefits that is less than the amount determined under paragraph (a), that lesser share.

• Marginal note:Election by spouse

  (4) A judge’s spouse, former spouse or former common-law partner who is entitled to be accorded a share of the judge’s annuity benefits under subsection (3) or (3.1) may elect in the manner prescribed by the regulations, in lieu of receiving that share, to receive — at the time the judge becomes eligible to be granted or paid an annuity, or at the time the judge would have become eligible to be paid an annuity had the judge not resigned or been removed from office by reason of an infirmity — a share of the annuity benefits for which the judge is or would have been eligible, determined as provided in subsection (1).

• Marginal note:Death or resignation of judge

  (5) If an election has been made under subsection (4) and, before becoming eligible to be paid an annuity, the judge dies, resigns, is removed from office or otherwise ceases to hold office, the spouse, former spouse or former common-law partner shall instead be paid immediately the portion of the judge’s contributions to which the spouse was otherwise entitled under subsection (3) or (3.1).

• Marginal note:Determination of periods of division and cohabitation

  (6) For the purposes of this section and sections 52.15 and 52.16,

  • (a) a period subject to division is the portion of a period of cohabitation during which a judge held office under this Act, measured in years to the nearest one tenth of a year; and

  • (b) a period of cohabitation is the period during which interested parties cohabited, as specified by the court order or agreement on which an application for division is based or, if none is specified, as determined in accordance with the regulations on the basis of evidence submitted by either or both of the interested parties.

• Marginal note:Death of spouse, former spouse or former common-law partner

  (7) A share of annuity benefits that cannot be accorded under subsection (1) by reason only of the death of the spouse, former spouse or former common-law partner shall be paid to that person’s estate or succession.

• Marginal note:Adjustment of accrued benefits

  (8) Where the Minister approves the division of a judge’s annuity benefits, the annuity benefits payable to the judge under this Act shall be adjusted in accordance with the regulations.

• Marginal note:Notice of division

  (9) The Minister shall send a notice of the division of annuity benefits in the prescribed manner to each interested party.

Marginal note:Transfer and payment of share

• 52.15 (1) The spouse’s, former spouse’s or former common-law partner’s share of a judge’s annuity benefits shall be accorded by

  • (a) the transfer of the specified portion of that share to a retirement savings plan established for the spouse, former spouse or former common-law partner that is of the prescribed kind for the purposes of section 26 of the Pension Benefits Standards Act, 1985; and

  • (b) the payment of the remainder of that share, if any, to the spouse, former spouse or former common-law partner.

• Marginal note:Calculation of specified portion

  (2) For the purpose of paragraph (1)(a), the specified portion of a spouse’s, former spouse’s or former common-law partner’s share of a judge’s annuity benefits is

  • (a) if that share consists of a portion of the judge’s contributions, that portion; or

  • (b) in any other case, the amount determined by the formula

    (A × B × C) / D

    where

    A

    is the share of the annuity benefits,

    B

    is the period subject to division,

    C

    is the defined benefit limit, within the meaning of regulations made under the Income Tax Act, for the calendar year in which the share is accorded, and

    D

    is the portion of the annuity that is attributed, in accordance with the regulations, to the period subject to division.

• Marginal note:Tax treatment

  (3) For the purposes of the Income Tax Act, an amount transferred to a retirement savings plan in accordance with paragraph (1)(a) is deemed to be an amount transferred from a registered pension plan in accordance with subsection 147.3(5) of that Act.

Marginal note:Further divisions precluded

52.16 Where a division of annuity benefits is made in respect of a period subject to division under section 52.14, no further divisions may be made under that section in respect of that period.

Marginal note:Amounts transferred in error

52.17 Where the amount transferred or paid in respect of a spouse, former spouse or former common-law partner, or paid to the estate or succession of a deceased spouse, former spouse or former common-law partner, under section 52.14 or 52.15 exceeds the amount that the spouse, former spouse or former common-law partner was entitled to have transferred or paid or the estate or succession was entitled to be paid, the amount in excess constitutes a debt due to Her Majesty in right of Canada by that spouse, former spouse or former common-law partner or that estate or succession.

Marginal note:Amounts paid before adjustment

52.18 Where an adjustment is made under subsection 52.14(8) and an amount is or has been paid to a judge that exceeds the amount to which the judge is or would have been entitled under this Act after the effective date of that adjustment, the amount in excess constitutes a debt due to Her Majesty in right of Canada by the judge and may be recovered at any time by set-off against any annuity benefit that is payable to the judge under this Act, without prejudice to any other recourse available to Her Majesty in right of Canada with respect to its recovery.

Marginal note:Void transactions

• 52.19 (1) Amounts that a spouse, former spouse or former common-law partner is or may become entitled to under section 52.14 are not capable of being assigned, charged, anticipated or given as security, and any transaction that purports to assign, charge, anticipate or give as security any such amount is void.

• Marginal note:Exemption from attachment, etc.

  (2) Amounts that a spouse, former spouse or former common-law partner is or may become entitled to under section 52.14 are exempt from attachment, seizure and execution, either at law or in equity.

Marginal note:Access of spouse, etc. to division of benefits

52.2 Notwithstanding any other provision of this Act, a court of competent jurisdiction may order, for any period that the court determines, that no action be taken by the Minister under this Act that may prejudice the ability of the spouse, common-law partner, former spouse or former common-law partner to make an application or obtain the division of the judge’s annuity benefits under this Act.

Marginal note:Information for spouse, etc. re benefits

52.21 Subject to the regulations, the Minister shall, at the request of a spouse, common-law partner, former spouse or former common-law partner of a judge, provide that person with information prescribed by the regulations concerning the benefits that are or may become payable to or in respect of that judge under this Act.

Marginal note:Regulations

52.22 The Governor in Council may make regulations

• (a) respecting the manner of making an application, the information that is to be provided in it and the documents that are to accompany it;

• (b) prescribing the circumstances in which interested parties are deemed to have been living separate and apart for the purposes of paragraph 52.11(2)(b);

• (c) prescribing circumstances in which a person may make an application or object to an application on behalf of another person, or may act on behalf of another person in proceeding with an application made by that other person;

• (d) prescribing circumstances in which, the manner in which and the conditions under which the personal representative or the liquidator of the succession of a deceased judge or of a deceased spouse, former spouse or former common-law partner of a judge may make or object to an application or may proceed with an application that was made by or on behalf of the judge, spouse, former spouse or former common-law partner;

• (e) when regulations are made under paragraph (c) or (d), respecting the manner in which and the extent to which any provision of this Act applies to a person referred to in that paragraph or in the circumstances prescribed by those regulations, and adapting any provision of this Act to those persons or circumstances;

• (f) prescribing circumstances in which, the manner in which and the conditions under which a spouse, former spouse or former common-law partner of a judge may make an application after the death of the judge;

• (g) respecting the notice of receipt of applications to be given to interested parties under subsection 52.11(3);

• (h) respecting the withdrawal of applications;

• (i) respecting the manner of submitting notices of objection under subsection 52.12(1);

• (j) for determining the value of an annuity to be attributed to a period subject to division, for the purposes of subsection 52.14(1);

• (k) for determining the expected date of retirement of a judge, for the purposes of subsections 52.14(2) and (3.1);

• (l) respecting the actuarial assumptions on which the determinations made under paragraphs (j) and (k) are to be based;

• (m) prescribing the manner in which a judge’s spouse, former spouse or former common-law partner may make an election under subsection 52.14(4), and respecting the notification of a judge of such an election;

• (n) prescribing, for the purposes of paragraph 52.14(6)(b), the manner of determining the period during which interested parties cohabited;

• (o) respecting the adjustment of the annuity benefits payable to a judge under subsection 52.14(8), including the determination of the effective date of the adjustment;

• (p) generally respecting the division of the annuity benefits of a judge who resigns or is removed from office by reason of an infirmity;

• (q) respecting the manner in which and the extent to which any provision of this Act applies, notwithstanding the other provisions of this Act, to a judge, to a spouse, former spouse, common-law partner or former common-law partner of a judge or to any other person when annuity benefits are divided under section 52.14, and adapting any provision of this Act to those persons;

• (r) for determining the portion of an annuity to be attributed to a period subject to division, for the purposes of subsection 52.15(2);

• (s) for the purposes of section 52.21, respecting the manner in which a request for information is to be made by a spouse, former spouse, common-law partner or former common-law partner of a judge, prescribing the information that is to be provided to that person concerning the benefits that are or may become payable to or in respect of the judge and specifying circumstances in which a request may be refused;

• (t) prescribing remedial action that may be taken in prescribed circumstances in response to administrative error or the provision of erroneous information;

• (u) prescribing any matter or thing that may be prescribed under sections 52.1 to 52.21; and

• (v) generally for carrying out the purposes and provisions of sections 52.1 to 52.21 and this section.

Payment of Salaries, Allowances, Annuities and Other Amounts

Marginal note:Amounts payable out of C.R.F.

• 53 (1) The salaries, allowances and annuities payable under Parts I to III and the amounts payable under sections 46.1, 51 and 52.15 shall be paid out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund.

• Marginal note:Prorating

  (2) For any period less than a year, the salaries and annuities payable shall be paid pro rata.

• Marginal note:Monthly instalments

  (3) The salaries and annuities payable shall be paid by monthly instalments.

• Marginal note:First payment

  (4) The first payment of salary of any judge shall be made pro rata on the first day of the month that occurs next after the appointment of the judge.

• Marginal note:Legal representatives

  (5) If a judge resigns the office of judge or dies, the judge or his or her legal representatives are entitled to receive such proportionate part of the judge’s salary as has accrued during the time that the judge executed the office since the last payment.

Absence from Judicial Duties

Marginal note:Leave of absence

• 54 (1) No judge of a superior court shall be granted leave of absence from his or her judicial duties for a period

  • (a) of six months or less, except with the approval of the chief justice of the superior court; or

  • (b) of more than six months, except with the approval of the Governor in Council.

• Marginal note:Notification of leave by chief justice

  (1.1) Whenever a leave of absence is granted under paragraph (1)(a), the chief justice of the superior court shall, without delay, notify the Minister and, in the case of provincial or territorial courts, the minister of justice or the attorney general of the province or territory.

• Marginal note:Notification of leave by Minister

  (1.2) Whenever a leave of absence is granted under paragraph (1)(b), the Minister shall, without delay, notify the chief justice of the superior court and, in the case of provincial or territorial courts, the minister of justice or the attorney general of the province or territory.

• Marginal note:Report by chief justice of absence

  (2) If it appears to the chief justice of a superior court that a judge of the court is absent from the judge’s judicial duties without the approval required by subsection (1), the chief justice shall report the absence to the Minister.

• Marginal note:Absentee judge to report

  (3) Whenever a judge of a superior court is absent from the judge’s judicial duties for a period of more than 30 days, the judge shall report the absence and the reasons for it to the Minister.

• (4) [Repealed, 2017, c. 33, s. 252]

Extra-judicial Employment

Marginal note:Judicial duties exclusively

55 No judge shall, either directly or indirectly, for himself or herself or others, engage in any occupation or business other than his or her judicial duties, but every judge shall devote himself or herself exclusively to those judicial duties.

Marginal note:Acting as commissioner, etc.

• 56 (1) No judge shall act as commissioner, arbitrator, adjudicator, referee, conciliator or mediator on any commission or on any inquiry or other proceeding unless

  • (a) in the case of any matter within the legislative authority of Parliament, the judge is by an Act of Parliament expressly authorized so to act or the judge is thereunto appointed or so authorized by the Governor in Council; or

  • (b) in the case of any matter within the legislative authority of the legislature of a province, the judge is by an Act of the legislature of the province expressly authorized so to act or the judge is thereunto appointed or so authorized by the lieutenant governor in council of the province.

• Marginal note:Acting as statutory assessor or arbitrator

  (2) Subsection (1) does not apply to judges acting as arbitrators or assessors of compensation or damages under any public Act, whether of general or local application, of Canada or of a province, whereby a judge is required or authorized without authority from the Governor in Council or lieutenant governor in council to assess or ascertain compensation or damages.

Marginal note:Authorization

• 56.1 (1) Notwithstanding section 55, Madam Justice Louise Arbour of the Ontario Court of Appeal is authorized to take a leave from her judicial duties to serve as Prosecutor of the International Tribunal for the Prosecution of Persons Responsible for Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law Committed in the Territory of the Former Yugoslavia and of the International Tribunal for Rwanda.

• Marginal note:Expenses

  (2) Madam Justice Louise Arbour may receive moving or transportation expenses and reasonable travel and other expenses, in connection with her service as Prosecutor, from the United Nations.

• Marginal note:Leave without pay

  (3) Madam Justice Louise Arbour may elect to take a leave of absence without pay for the purpose described in subsection (1), in which case she is not entitled to receive any salary or allowances under this Act for the duration of the leave, but may receive remuneration from the United Nations for her service as Prosecutor.

• Marginal note:Ceasing contributions

  (4) If Madam Justice Louise Arbour elects to take a leave of absence without pay under subsection (3), she shall not continue the contributions required by section 50 for the duration of the leave and that section does not apply to her for the duration of the leave, which duration shall not be counted as time during which she held judicial office for the purposes of sections 28, 29 and 42.

• Marginal note:Deemed salary in event of death

  (5) For the purposes of subsections 44(1) and (2), section 46.1 and subsection 47(3), if Madam Justice Louise Arbour dies while on a leave of absence without pay, she is deemed to be in receipt at the time of death of the salary that she would have been receiving if she had not been absent on leave without pay.

Extra Remuneration

Marginal note:No extra remuneration

• 57 (1) Except as provided in subsection (3), no judge shall accept any salary, fee, remuneration or other emolument or any expenses or allowances for acting in any capacity described in subsection 56(1) or as administrator or deputy of the Governor General or for performing any duty or service, whether judicial or executive, that the judge may be required to perform for or on behalf of the Government of Canada or the government of a province.

• Marginal note:Exception

  (2) The right of a judge to receive remuneration under any Act of the legislature of a province, other than for acting in any capacity described in subsection 56(1), is not affected by subsection (1), but no judge is entitled to receive remuneration under any such Act or Acts in an aggregate amount exceeding $3,000 per annum.

• Marginal note:Expenses excepted

  (3) In the cases described in subsection (1), a judge may receive his or her moving or transportation expenses and the reasonable travel and other expenses incurred by him or her away from his or her ordinary place of residence while acting in any such capacity or in the performance of any such duty or service, in the same amount and under the same conditions as if the judge were performing a function or duty as such judge, if those expenses are paid in respect of any matter within the legislative authority of Parliament, by the Government of Canada, and in respect of any matter within the legislative authority of the legislature of a province, by the government of the province.

PART IICanadian Judicial Council

58 [Repealed, 2023, c. 18, s. 5]

Constitution of the Council

Marginal note:Council established

• 59 (1) There is hereby established a Council, to be known as the Canadian Judicial Council, consisting of

  • (a) the Chief Justice of Canada, who shall be the chairperson of the Council;

  • (b) the chief justice and any senior associate chief justice and associate chief justice of each superior court or branch or division thereof; and

  • (c) [Repealed, 2017, c. 33, s. 253]

  • (d) the Chief Justice of the Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada.

  • (e) [Repealed, 2002, c. 8, s. 104]

• (2) and (3) [Repealed, 1999, c. 3, s. 77]

• Marginal note:Substitute member

  (4) Each member of the Council may appoint a judge of that member’s court to be a substitute member of the Council and the substitute member shall act as a member of the Council during any period in which he or she is appointed to act, but the Chief Justice of Canada may, in lieu of appointing a member of the Supreme Court of Canada, appoint any former member of that Court to be a substitute member of the Council.

Marginal note:Objects of Council

• 60 (1) The objects of the Council are to promote efficiency and uniformity, and to improve the quality of judicial service, in superior courts.

• Marginal note:Powers of Council

  (2) In furtherance of its objects, the Council may

  • (a) establish conferences of chief justices and associate chief justices; and

  • (b) establish seminars for the continuing education of judges, including seminars on matters related to sexual assault law, intimate partner violence, coercive control in intimate partner and family relationships and social context, which includes systemic racism and systemic discrimination.

  • (c) [Repealed, 2023, c. 18, s. 7]

  • (d) [Repealed, 2023, c. 18, s. 7]

• Marginal note:Seminars related to sexual assault law

  (3) The Council should ensure that seminars on matters related to sexual assault law established under paragraph (2)(b)

  • (a) are developed after consultation with persons, groups or organizations the Council considers appropriate, such as sexual assault survivors and persons, groups and organizations that support them, including Indigenous leaders and representatives of Indigenous communities; and

  • (b) include, where the Council finds appropriate, instruction in evidentiary prohibitions, principles of consent and the conduct of sexual assault proceedings, as well as education regarding myths and stereotypes associated with sexual assault complainants.

Marginal note:Meetings of Council

• 61 (1) The Council shall meet at least once a year.

• Marginal note:Work of Council

  (2) Subject to this Act, the work of the Council shall be carried on in such manner as the Council may direct.

• Marginal note:By-laws

  (3) The Council may make by-laws

  • (a) respecting the calling of meetings of the Council;

  • (b) respecting the conduct of business at meetings of the Council, including the fixing of quorums for such meetings, the establishment of committees of the Council and the delegation of duties to any such committees; and

  • (c) respecting the processes and proceedings under Part IV.

Marginal note:Employment of counsel and assistants

62 The Council may engage the services of any persons that it considers necessary for carrying out its objects and duties, and also the services of counsel to assist the Council in the processes and proceedings under Part IV.

Marginal note:Report — seminars

• 62.1 (1) Within 60 days after the end of each calendar year, the Council should submit to the Minister a report on the seminars referred to in paragraph 60(2)(b) on matters related to sexual assault law, intimate partner violence, coercive control in intimate partner and family relationships and social context, which includes systemic racism and systemic discrimination, that were offered in the preceding calendar year. The report should include the following information:

  • (a) the title and a description of the content of each seminar, its duration and the dates on which it was offered; and

  • (b) the number of judges who attended each seminar.

• Marginal note:Tabling of report

  (2) The Minister shall cause a copy of any report received to be tabled in each House of Parliament on any of the first 10 days on which that House is sitting after the Minister receives the report.

63 [Repealed, 2023, c. 18, s. 10]

64 [Repealed, 2023, c. 18, s. 10]

65 [Repealed, 2023, c. 18, s. 10]

65.1 [Repealed, 2023, c. 18, s. 10]

66 [Repealed, 2023, c. 18, s. 10]

67 [Repealed, R.S., 1985, c. 16 (3rd Supp.), s. 5]

68 [Repealed, R.S., 1985, c. 16 (3rd Supp.), s. 6]

69 [Repealed, 2023, c. 18, s. 10]

70 [Repealed, 2023, c. 18, s. 10]

71 [Repealed, 2023, c. 18, s. 10]

PART IIIAdministration of Federal Judicial Affairs

72 [Repealed, 2023, c. 18, s. 11]

Commissioner for Federal Judicial Affairs

Marginal note:Commissioner for Federal Judicial Affairs

73 There shall be an officer, called the Commissioner for Federal Judicial Affairs, who shall have the rank and status of a deputy head of a department and who shall be appointed by the Governor in Council after consultation by the Minister with the Council or such committee thereof as is named for the purpose by the Council.

Marginal note:Duties and functions of Commissioner

• 74 (1) It shall be the duty and function of the Commissioner, under the Minister, to

  • (a) act as the deputy of the Minister in performing all such duties and functions in relation to the administration of Part I as fall, by law, within the responsibility of the Minister;

  • (b) prepare budgetary submissions for the requirements of the Council;

  • (c) be responsible for any other administrative arrangements that are necessary to ensure that all reasonable requirements, including those for premises, equipment and other supplies and services and for officers, clerks and employees of the Council for the carrying out of its operations, are provided for in accordance with law; and

  • (d) do such other things as the Minister may require in connection with any matter or matters falling, by law, within the Minister’s responsibilities for the proper functioning of the judicial system in Canada.

• Marginal note:Interpretation of subsection (1)

  (2) It is hereby declared for greater certainty that such of the duties and functions of the Minister as are, by paragraphs (1)(a) to (d), subject to be performed by the Commissioner do not form part of the duties and functions assigned to the Minister by the Department of Justice Act.

Registrar of the Supreme Court of Canada

Marginal note:Duties and functions

• 75 (1) The duties and functions described in paragraphs 74(1)(a) to (c) shall, in relation to the Supreme Court of Canada and the judges thereof, be carried out by the Registrar of the Court, who may, for that purpose, utilize the services of other persons on the staff of the Court.

• Marginal note:Registrar deemed deputy head

  (2) The Registrar of the Supreme Court of Canada shall, for the purposes of the Public Service Employment Act and other Acts of Parliament and for purposes relating to the duties and functions of the Registrar under this section, be deemed to be the deputy head of the portion of the federal public administration appointed under subsection 12(2) of the Supreme Court Act.

76 [Repealed, 2002, c. 8, s. 109]

Commissioner’s Staff

Marginal note:Appointment

77 The officers, clerks and employees who are required by the Commissioner to carry out the Commissioner’s duties and functions under section 74 shall be appointed under the Public Service Employment Act.

Marginal note:Commissioner is deputy head

78 The Commissioner and the officers, clerks and employees appointed under section 77 shall be a portion of the federal public administration that is separate from the Department of Justice and of which the Commissioner shall be the deputy head.

PART IVConduct Review Process

DIVISION 1Complaints Concerning Judges

Definition

Marginal note:Definition of judicial office

79 In this Division, judicial office includes the office of an associate judge.

Removal from Office

Marginal note:Justification

80 For the purposes of this Division, the removal from office of a judge is justified only if, for any of the following reasons, the judge’s continuation in office would undermine public confidence in the impartiality, integrity or independence of the judge or of their office to such an extent that it would render the judge incapable of executing the functions of judicial office:

• (a) infirmity;

• (b) misconduct;

• (c) failure in the due execution of judicial office;

• (d) the judge is in a position that a reasonable, fair-minded and informed observer would consider to be incompatible with the due execution of judicial office.

Rosters

Marginal note:Establishment of roster of judges

• 81 (1) The Council shall establish a roster of superior court judges who may be designated as members of a panel established under this Division. The judges on the roster must not be members of the Council.

• Marginal note:Number

  (2) The number of judges on the roster is set at the discretion of the Council.

• Marginal note:Recommendation

  (3) The naming of a judge to the roster must be made on the recommendation of the Canadian Superior Courts Judges Association.

• Marginal note:Term

  (4) A judge named to the roster remains on it for four years unless they cease to hold judicial office or request to be removed from the roster. When the four-year term ends, the judge may be renamed to the roster on the recommendation of the Canadian Superior Courts Judges Association.

Marginal note:Establishment of lay persons

• 82 (1) The Council shall establish a roster of lay persons who may be designated as members of a review panel or full hearing panel established under this Division.

• Marginal note:Number

  (2) The number of persons on the roster is set at the discretion of the Council.

• Marginal note:Conditions

  (3) To be named to the roster, a person must

  • (a) never have been admitted to the bar of any province or to the Chambre des notaires du Québec;

  • (b) never have worked as a paralegal in Canada; and

  • (c) meet the other selection criteria established by the Council.

• Marginal note:Selection criteria made public

  (4) The Council shall make public the selection criteria that it has established for the purpose of paragraph (3)(c).

• Marginal note:Term

  (5) A person named to the roster of lay persons remains on it for four years unless they request to be removed from the roster or, in the opinion of the Council, they cease to meet the conditions set out in subsection (3). When the four-year term ends, the person may be renamed to the roster.

Marginal note:Official languages

83 In naming persons to the roster of judges and to the roster of lay persons, the Council shall take into account the fact that the proceedings of panels established under this Division will be in either or both official languages.

Marginal note:Diversity

84 The Council shall name persons who reflect the diversity of the Canadian population to the roster of judges and to the roster of lay persons.

Marginal note:Rosters available to public

85 The Council shall make the roster of judges and the roster of lay persons available to the public.

Complaints

Marginal note:Complaints

• 86 (1) Complaints may be made to the Council, in the form specified by the Council, in respect of a judge of a superior court for any reason referred to in paragraphs 80(a) to (d).

• Marginal note:Complaint by Council

  (2) The Council may make a complaint only if two of its members have reasonable grounds to believe that the public’s confidence in the impartiality, integrity or independence of the judge or of the judicial office of the judge could be undermined for any reason referred to in paragraphs 80(a) to (d).

• Marginal note:Anonymous complaints

  (3) A complaint may be made anonymously, but such a complaint may be dealt with only if two members of the Council have reasonable grounds to believe that the public’s confidence in the impartiality, integrity or independence of the judge or of the judicial office of the judge could be undermined for any reason referred to in paragraphs 80(a) to (d).

Marginal note:Notice to complainant

87 The Council shall establish policies respecting the notifying of complainants of any decisions made under this Division.

Screening Officer

Marginal note:Designation

88 The Council may designate as a screening officer one or more persons, including a judge, who meets the criteria specified by the Council.

Marginal note:Referral to screening officer

89 The Council shall refer every complaint to a screening officer, other than a complaint made by the Council itself or an anonymous complaint.

Marginal note:Dismissal of complaint

• 90 (1) Subject to subsection (2), a screening officer may dismiss a complaint if they are of the opinion that it

  • (a) is frivolous, vexatious or made for an improper purpose or is an abuse of process;

  • (b) was not made for a reason referred to in paragraphs 80(a) to (d); or

  • (c) does not meet the other screening criteria specified by the Council.

• Marginal note:Screening criteria to be made public

  (2) The Council shall make public the screening criteria that it has established for the purpose of paragraph (1)(c).

• Marginal note:Restriction

  (3) A screening officer shall not dismiss a complaint that alleges sexual misconduct or sexual harassment or that alleges discrimination on a prohibited ground of discrimination within the meaning of the Canadian Human Rights Act.

Marginal note:Referral to Council

91 If a screening officer does not dismiss a complaint, they shall refer it to the Council for the designation of a reviewing member.

Reviewing Member

Marginal note:Designation

92 In the case of a complaint made by the Council itself or an anonymous complaint, or on receipt of a complaint referred to it under section 91, the Council shall designate one of its members to review the complaint.

Marginal note:Written submissions

93 The reviewing member shall give the judge who is the subject of the complaint an opportunity to make written submissions about the complaint within the time limit established by the Council for the purpose of this section.

Marginal note:Dismissal of complaint

• 94 (1) The reviewing member shall dismiss the complaint if they are of the opinion that it should be dismissed for any reason set out in paragraphs 90(1)(a) to (c) or that it is wholly without merit.

• Marginal note:Communication of dismissal

  (2) If the reviewing member dismisses the complaint, they shall inform the complainant in writing of their decision and the reasons for it.

• Marginal note:Exclusion

  (3) The reasons shall not include information that is confidential or personal, or that is not in the public interest to disclose.

Marginal note:Referral to Council

95 If the reviewing member does not dismiss the complaint, they shall refer it to the Council for the establishment of a review panel.

Marginal note:Notice of decision

96 The reviewing member shall give notice of their decision to the judge who is the subject of the complaint and to the chief justice of the court of which the judge is a member.

Marginal note:Provision of information

97 After the review panel is established, the reviewing member shall provide it with every document in their possession that relates to the complaint. The reviewing member may also provide the review panel with their observations about the complaint and their recommendations about how it should be resolved.

Review Panel

Marginal note:Establishment

• 98 (1) Subject to subsection (2), on receipt of a complaint referred to it under section 95, the Council shall establish a review panel consisting of the following persons designated by the Council to review the complaint:

  • (a) a member of the Council;

  • (b) a judge named in the roster of judges; and

  • (c) a person named in the roster of lay persons.

• Marginal note:Direction to review new complaint

  (2) If a complaint is referred to the Council under section 95 and a review panel established to review a previous complaint involving the same judge has not yet made a decision in respect of that complaint, the Council may direct the review panel to also review the new complaint.

Marginal note:Written submissions

99 The review panel shall give the judge who is the subject of the complaint and chief justice of the court of which the judge is a member an opportunity to provide written submissions within the time limit established by the Council for the purpose of this section.

Marginal note:Basis of decisions

100 The review panel shall make its decision only on the basis of the substance of the complaint, any information provided under section 97, any written submissions provided under section 99 and any other document that it considers relevant.

Marginal note:Referral to Council

101 The review panel shall refer the complaint to the Council for the establishment of a full hearing panel if it determines that the judge’s removal from office could be justified.

Marginal note:Dismissal of complaint or action

102 If the review panel does not refer the complaint to the Council under section 101, it may dismiss the complaint or take one or more of the following actions if it considers it appropriate to do so in the circumstances:

• (a) issue a private or public expression of concern;

• (b) issue a private or public warning;

• (c) issue a private or public reprimand;

• (d) order the judge to apologize, either privately or publicly, by whatever means the panel considers appropriate in the circumstances;

• (e) order the judge to take specific measures, including attending counselling or a continuing education course;

• (f) take any action that the panel considers to be equivalent to any of the actions referred to in paragraphs (a) to (e);

• (g) with the consent of the judge, take any other action that the panel considers appropriate in the circumstances.

Marginal note:Notice of decision and reasons

• 103 (1) The review panel shall give notice of its decision and the reasons for it to

  • (a) the judge who is the subject of the complaint;

  • (b) the chief justice of the court of which that judge is a member; and

  • (c) the Council.

• Marginal note:Communication of dismissal

  (2) If the review panel dismisses the complaint, it shall inform the complainant in writing of its decision and the reasons for it.

• Marginal note:Exclusion

  (3) The reasons shall not include information that is confidential or personal, or that is not in the public interest to disclose.

Marginal note:Request to establish panel

104 If the review panel takes any action under section 102, the judge who is the subject of the complaint may, within 30 days after the day on which the review panel sends the judge a notice informing the judge of its decision, request that the Council establish a reduced hearing panel to review the complaint.

Marginal note:Provision of information

105 If a reduced hearing panel or a full hearing panel is established in respect of a complaint that was before a review panel, the review panel shall provide to the presenting counsel in respect of the hearing panel all the information that was before it and the decision and reasons it provided under section 103.

Hearing Panels

Presenting Counsel

Marginal note:Designation

• 106 (1) When it establishes a reduced hearing panel or a full hearing panel, the Council shall designate one of its members to designate a lawyer of at least 10 years’ standing at the bar of any province to act as presenting counsel in respect of the hearing panel.

• Marginal note:Restriction

  (2) The member of the Council who designates the presenting counsel shall not be designated as any of the following:

  • (a) a member of the reduced hearing panel or the full hearing panel;

  • (b) a member of any appeal panel established in respect of any decision of the reduced hearing panel or the full hearing panel.

• Marginal note:Replacement

  (3) The presenting counsel may at any time be replaced by another presenting counsel designated in accordance with subsection (1).

Marginal note:Role

107 The role of the presenting counsel consists of preparing a statement of allegations against a judge who is the subject of a complaint before a reduced hearing panel or full hearing panel, as the case may be, and presenting evidence. The presenting counsel is also responsible for bringing an appeal and presenting arguments in an appeal.

Marginal note:Instructions

• 108 (1) The presenting council shall take instructions from the Council member who designated them.

• Marginal note:Absence or incapacity

  (2) In the event of the absence or incapacity of the Council member who designated the presenting counsel, the Council may designate another Council member to give instructions to the presenting counsel.

Marginal note:Standards of conduct

109 In fulfilling their responsibilities, the presenting counsel shall conduct themselves in accordance with the standards and principles that govern the conduct of Crown prosecutors, with any modifications that may be necessary.

Reduced Hearing Panel

Marginal note:Establishment

• 110 (1) Subject to subsection (2), on receipt of a request made under section 104, the Council shall establish a reduced hearing panel consisting of the following persons designated by it to review the complaint to which the request relates:

  • (a) a member of the Council;

  • (b) a judge named in the roster of judges; and

  • (c) a lawyer of at least 10 years’ standing at the bar of any province.

• Marginal note:Direction to review new complaint

  (2) If a request is made under section 104 by a judge who has previously made a request under that section and the reduced hearing panel established in respect of the previous request has not yet made a decision in respect of the complaint to which the previous request relates, the Council may direct the reduced hearing panel to also review the new complaint.

Marginal note:Decision and reasons not considered

111 In considering the complaint, the reduced hearing panel shall not consider the decision of the review panel that caused the judge who is the subject of the complaint to make the request under section 104 or the reasons for that decision.

Marginal note:Referral of complaint to Council

112 The reduced hearing panel shall refer the complaint to the Council for the establishment of a full hearing panel if it determines that the removal from office of the judge who is the subject of the complaint could be justified.

Marginal note:Dismissal or actions

113 If the reduced hearing panel does not refer the complaint to the Council under section 112, it may dismiss the complaint or take one or more of the actions referred to in paragraphs 102(a) to (g) if it considers it appropriate to do so in the circumstances.

Marginal note:Notice of decision and reasons

114 The reduced hearing panel shall give notice of its decision and the reasons for it to

• (a) the judge who is the subject of the complaint;

• (b) the chief justice of the court of which that judge is a member;

• (c) the Council; and

• (d) the presenting counsel.

Marginal note:Decision and reasons made public

115 The Council shall make public the reduced hearing panel’s decision and the reasons for it, as soon as feasible after receiving them, if the reduced hearing panel’s hearings were public. If they were not public, the Council shall make public as much of the decision and reasons as possible having regard to the reasons for holding the hearings, or part of them, in private.

Marginal note:Right of appeal

116 The judge to whom the complaint relates and the presenting counsel may respectively, within 30 days after the day on which the reduced hearing panel sends them a notice of its decision, file with the Council a notice appealing the decision.

Full Hearing Panel

Marginal note:Establishment

• 117 (1) Subject to subsection (3), on receipt of a referral of a complaint made under section 101 or 112, the Council shall establish a full hearing panel consisting of the following persons to review the complaint:

  • (a) two members of the Council who are designated by it;

  • (b) a judge named in the roster of judges who is designated by it;

  • (c) a person named in the roster of lay persons who is designated by it; and

  • (d) a lawyer who is a member of the bar of a province and who is designated in accordance with subsection (2).

• Marginal note:Designation of lawyer

  (2) The lawyer referred to in paragraph (1)(d) is to be designated by the Minister. However, if the full hearing panel is being established as the result of a request by the Minister under section 148 or the Minister does not designate a lawyer within 30 days after the day on which the Minister receives written notice from the Council that a full hearing panel is to be established, the lawyer is to be designated by the Council.

• Marginal note:Direction to review new complaint

  (3) If a complaint is referred to the Council under section 101 or 112, and a full hearing panel established to review a previous complaint or to consider a request made under section 148 involving the same judge has not yet made a decision in respect of the previous complaint or the request, the Council may direct the full hearing panel to also review the new complaint.

Marginal note:Decision and reasons not considered

118 In considering the complaint, the full hearing panel shall not consider the decision of the review panel or reduced hearing panel, as the case may be, that led to the establishment of the full hearing panel, or the reasons for that decision.

Marginal note:Removal justified

119 If the full hearing panel determines, on a balance of probabilities, that the judge’s removal from office is justified, it shall make a decision to that effect.

Marginal note:Dismissal or action

120 If the full hearing panel determines, on a balance of probabilities, that the judge’s removal is not justified, it may dismiss the complaint or take one or more of the actions referred to in paragraphs 102(a) to (g) if the full hearing panel considers that it is appropriate to do so in the circumstances.

Marginal note:Notice of decision and reasons

121 The full hearing panel shall give notice of its decision and the reasons for it to

• (a) the judge who is the subject of the complaint;

• (b) the chief justice of the court of which that judge is a member;

• (c) the Council; and

• (d) the presenting counsel.

Marginal note:Decision and reasons made public

122 The Council shall make public the full hearing panel’s decision and the reasons for it, as soon as feasible after receiving the decision, if the full hearing panel’s hearings were public. If they were not public, the Council shall make public as much of the decision and reasons as possible having regard to the reasons for holding the hearings, or part of them, in private.

Marginal note:Right of appeal

123 The judge who is the subject of the complaint and the presenting counsel may respectively, within 30 days after the day on which the full hearing panel sends them a notice of its decision, file with the Council a notice appealing the decision.

Rights of Judge

Marginal note:Rights

124 The judge who is the subject of a complaint that is before a hearing panel has the right to be heard, to cross-examine witnesses and to adduce evidence, in person or by counsel.

Marginal note:Statement of allegation and notice

125 The judge who is the subject of a complaint that is before a hearing panel is to be provided with a copy of the statement of allegations prepared by the presenting counsel and given reasonable notice of the subject matter and the date, time and place of the hearings.

Salaries and Annuities

Marginal note:Time in judicial office and salary

• 126 (1) For the purposes of calculating an annuity under Part I, if a full hearing panel decides that the removal from office of a judge who is the subject of a complaint is justified, the day after the day on which the judge is given notice of the full hearing panel’s decision is the day to be used to determine the number of years the judge has been in judicial office and the salary annexed to the office held by the judge at the time of his or her resignation, removal or attaining the age of retirement unless

  • (a) the decision is set aside by a decision of the Supreme Court of Canada, or by the decision of an appeal panel if the appeal panel’s decision is final;

  • (b) the Minister’s response under subsection 140(1) provides that no action is to be taken to remove the judge from office; or

  • (c) the matter of removal of the judge from office is put to one or both Houses of Parliament and is rejected by either of them.

• Marginal note:Contributions toward annuities

  (2) No reservations are to be made under section 50 from the judge’s salary in respect of the period that begins on the day after the day on which the judge is given notice of the full hearing panel’s decision, unless one of paragraphs (1)(a) to (c) applies, in which case the judge shall contribute an amount equal to the amount that would have been reserved from the judge’s salary had subsection (1) not applied.

• Marginal note:Salary increases

  (3) For greater certainty, nothing in subsection (1) is to be construed as removing from the judge any entitlement to a salary increase that takes effect on or after the day on which the judge is given notice of the full hearing panel’s decision.

General

Marginal note:Powers

127 A hearing panel has all the powers vested in a superior court of the province in which the judge who is the subject of the complaint resides, including

• (a) the power to summon before it any witness and require them to give evidence on oath, orally or in writing or on solemn affirmation if they are entitled to affirm in civil matters, and to produce any documents and evidence that it considers necessary; and

• (b) the power to enforce the attendance of any witness and compel them to give evidence.

Marginal note:Rules of evidence

128 A hearing panel is not bound by any legal or technical rules of evidence and may receive and base a decision on evidence presented in its hearings that it considers credible or trustworthy in the circumstances of the case.

Marginal note:Hearings public

• 129 (1) A hearing panel’s hearings are to be public, but it may hold all or any part of its hearings in private if it considers doing so to be in the public interest.

• Marginal note:Prohibition of publication

  (2) A hearing panel may prohibit the publication of any information or documents placed before it, if it is of the opinion that such a publication is not in the public interest.

Appeals

Appeal Panel

Marginal note:Establishment

130 On receipt of a notice of appeal filed under section 116 or 123, the Council shall establish an appeal panel consisting of the following persons designated by it:

• (a) three members of the Council; and

• (b) two judges named in the roster of judges.

Marginal note:Power

131 The appeal panel has all the powers vested in the court of appeal of the province in which the judge who is the subject of the complaint resides. It may, among other things, reverse, vary or affirm any decision of the reduced hearing panel or full hearing panel, as the case may be, and make any decision the hearing panel could have made.

Marginal note:Hearings public

• 132 (1) The appeal panel’s hearings are to be public, but it may conduct all or any part of its hearings in private if it considers doing so to be in the public interest.

• Marginal note:Prohibition of publication

  (2) The appeal panel may prohibit the publication of any information or documents placed before it if it is of the opinion that such a publication is not in the public interest.

Marginal note:Right to make submissions

133 The judge who is the subject of the appeal and the presenting counsel are each entitled to make oral and written submissions to the appeal panel.

Marginal note:Nature of appeal

134 The appeal is to be heard on the basis of the record of the hearing panel whose decision was appealed and on any submissions made by the judge who is the subject of the appeal and the presenting counsel. The appeal panel may, in exceptional circumstances, admit additional evidence or testimony if, in its opinion, it is essential in the interests of justice to do so.

Marginal note:Notice of decision and reasons

135 The appeal panel shall give notice of its decision and the reasons for it to

• (a) the judge who is the subject of the appeal;

• (b) the chief justice of the court of which that judge is a member;

• (c) the Council; and

• (d) the presenting counsel.

Marginal note:Decision and reasons made public

136 The Council shall make public the appeal panel’s decision and the reasons for it, as soon as feasible after receiving them, if the appeal panel’s hearings were public. If they were not public, the Council shall make public as much of the decision and reasons as possible having regard to the reasons for holding the hearings, or part of them, in private.

Supreme Court of Canada

Marginal note:Notice of application for leave to appeal

137 The judge who is the subject of a decision of an appeal panel and the presenting counsel may respectively, within 30 days after the day on which the appeal panel sends them a notice of its decision, file a notice of application for leave to appeal to the Supreme Court of Canada.

Marginal note:Right of attorneys general

138 If leave to appeal is granted by the Supreme Court of Canada, the Attorney General of Canada and the attorney general of a province may intervene in the appeal.

Report to Minister

Marginal note:Report with recommendation

• 139 (1) If a full hearing panel is established in respect of a complaint, the full hearing panel shall, as soon as feasible after the earliest of the following, provide to the Minister a report setting out a recommendation, consistent with the final decision in respect of the complaint, as to whether or not the judge who is the subject of the complaint should be removed from office:

  • (a) the judge and the presenting counsel have both waived their rights under section 123 or 137,

  • (b) the time limit for exercising those rights has expired, and

  • (c) the Supreme Court of Canada has not granted leave to appeal or, if it has, it has made a decision in respect of the appeal panel’s decision.

• Marginal note:Decisions and reasons

  (2) The report must also set out the full hearing panel’s decision and any decision of the appeal panel and the Supreme Court of Canada, as well as the reasons, if any, for those decisions.

• Marginal note:Copy of report

  (3) The full hearing panel shall as soon as feasible give a copy of the report to the judge, the presenting counsel and the Council.

• Marginal note:Report made public

  (4) The Council shall make public as much of the report as it considers appropriate taking into account the extent to which the decisions and reasons set out in the report were made public.

• Marginal note:Absence or incapacity

  (5) In the event of the absence or incapacity of all three judges of the full hearing panel, the Council shall designate one of its members to assist the other members of the full hearing panel in preparing the report or, if the others are also absent or incapacitated, to provide the report.

Marginal note:Minister’s response

• 140 (1) The Minister shall respond publicly to the report.

• Marginal note:Information

  (2) For the purpose of responding publicly, the Minister may seek information from the full hearing panel on any matter that the Minister considers necessary.

• Marginal note:Obligation to provide information

  (3) The full hearing panel shall provide the judge who is the subject of the report and the presenting counsel with any information that it provides to the Minister.

• Marginal note:Absence or incapacity

  (4) In the event of the absence or incapacity of all three judges of the full hearing panel, the Council shall designate one of its members to assist the other members of the full hearing panel in providing the information to the Minister or, if the others are also absent or incapacitated, to provide the information.

General

Ineligibility

Marginal note:Ineligibility

• 141 (1) A member of the Council and a judge named in the roster of judges is not eligible to be designated

  • (a) as a reviewing member under section 92, or as a member of any panel established under this Division, in respect of any complaint involving a judge of the court of which they are a member; or

  • (b) more than once under this Division in respect of the same complaint or the same judge.

• Marginal note:Subsections 86(2) and (3)

  (2) A member of the Council who is referred to in subsection 86(2) or (3) whose belief led to the Council making a complaint in respect of a judge or to an anonymous complaint being dealt with is not eligible to be designated, in their capacity as a member of the Council or in any other capacity, as a reviewing member under section 92 or as a member of any panel established under this Division, in respect of the complaint.

Designation

Marginal note:Designation from roster of judges

142 The Council may designate a judge named in the roster of judges to be a member of a panel established under section 98, 110, 117 or 130 instead of designating a member of the Council as the section in question requires.

Immunity

Marginal note:Immunity

143 A screening officer, a reviewing member or a member of a panel established under this Division shall have the same immunity as a judge of a superior court.

Financial Provisions

Marginal note:Regulations

144 The Governor in Council may make regulations respecting the fees, allowances and expenses to be paid or reimbursed under section 146.

Marginal note:Guidelines

• 145 (1) Subject to the regulations, the Commissioner shall make guidelines respecting the fees, allowances and expenses to be paid or reimbursed under section 146.

• Marginal note:Incorporation by reference

  (2) The guidelines may incorporate by reference any policy, guideline or directive of the Treasury Board or any federal department regarding fees, allowances or expenses, as it is amended from time to time.

• Marginal note:Obligation to justify differences

  (3) If an amount provided for in the guidelines made under subsection (1) differs from the amount provided for in Treasury Board directives regarding fees, allowances and expenses, the Commissioner shall make the reasons for the difference available to the public unless the difference is attributable solely to compliance with the regulations.

Marginal note:Amounts payable out of C.R.F.

• 146 (1) Subject to the regulations made under section 144 and the guidelines made under subsection 145(1), there shall be paid out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund all amounts payable in respect of the following:

  • (a) the expenses incurred by members of the Council and judges named in the roster of judges in the course of carrying out their duties under this Division or Division 2;

  • (b) the expenses incurred by and the allowances payable to panel members, other than judges, in the course of carrying out their duties under this Division or Division 2;

  • (c) the fees of and the expenses incurred by presenting counsel in the course of carrying out their duties under this Division or Division 2;

  • (d) subject to subsection (2), the fees of and the expenses incurred by lawyers representing judges who are the subject of a complaint under this Division or Division 2;

  • (e) the fees and expenses of lawyers and experts engaged by panels established under this Division or Division 2; and

  • (f) the expenses incidental to the conduct of meetings and hearings under this Division or Division 2, including the renting of rooms, the recording and transcription of proceedings, translation services and security.

• Marginal note:Restriction

  (2) Fees and expenses of lawyers representing judges may be paid only in respect of proceedings under this Division or Division 2 or in respect of appeals to the Supreme Court of Canada relating to those proceedings. For greater certainty, no payments to lawyers representing judges are to be made in respect of any judicial review of any decision made under this Division or Division 2.

Marginal note:Independent review of financial provisions

• 147 (1) Within 18 months after the day on which the first report is submitted under section 160 and on every fifth anniversary of that day, the Council shall cause an independent review of the application of sections 144 to 146 to be conducted. The review is to be conducted by a person or body designated by the Commissioner in consultation with the Council.

• Marginal note:Report

  (2) The person or body conducting the review shall provide a report of their findings and recommendations to the Minister, the chairperson of the Council and the Commissioner. The report shall include a finding on whether sections 144 to 146 have been applied in a manner consistent with best practices regarding financial controls.

• Marginal note:Report to be made public

  (3) The Council shall make the report public with any redactions that the Commissioner and chairperson of the Council jointly consider necessary to protect confidential or personal information.

DIVISION 2Requests Concerning Judges

Marginal note:Request

148 The Minister or the attorney general of a province may request that the Council establish a full hearing panel to determine whether the removal from office of a judge of a superior court is justified.

Marginal note:Establishment

• 149 (1) Subject to subsection (2), on receipt of the request, the Council shall establish a full hearing panel in accordance with section 117 to consider the request.

• Marginal note:Direction to consider new request

  (2) If a full hearing panel established to consider a previous request made under section 148 or to review a complaint made under section 101 or 112 involving the same judge has not yet made a decision in respect of the previous request or the complaint, the Council may direct the full hearing panel to also consider the new request.

Marginal note:Application of sections 119 to 143

150 Sections 119 to 143 apply, with any necessary modifications, in respect of the request and all proceedings arising from it.

DIVISION 3Requests Concerning Office Holders

Marginal note:Removal from office

151 For the purposes of this Division, the removal from office of a person appointed under an Act of Parliament to hold office during good behaviour, other than a judge, is justified only if, for any of the following reasons, the person’s continuation in office would undermine public confidence in the integrity of the person or of their office to such an extent that it would render the person incapable of executing the functions of their office:

• (a) infirmity;

• (b) misconduct;

• (c) failure in the due execution of their office;

• (d) the person has been placed in a position that a reasonable, fair-minded and informed observer would consider to be incompatible with the due execution of their office.

Marginal note:Request

152 The Minister may request that the Council establish a full hearing panel to determine whether the removal from office of a person referred to in section 151 is justified.

Marginal note:Establishment

153 On receipt of the request, the Council shall establish a full hearing panel in accordance with section 117 to consider the request.

Marginal note:Application of sections 119 to 125 and 127 to 143

154 Sections 119 to 125 and 127 to 143 apply, with any necessary modifications, in respect of the request and all proceedings arising from it.

Marginal note:Removal from office

• 155 (1) On receipt of a report provided under subsection 139(1) containing a recommendation that a person be removed from office, the Governor in Council, may, on the recommendation of the Minister, by order, remove the person from office if the person is a person who may be removed from office by the Governor in Council other than on address of the Senate or House of Commons or joint address of the Senate and House of Commons.

• Marginal note:Orders and reports laid before Parliament

  (2) If an order is made under subsection (1), a copy of the order and a copy of the report relating to the order must be laid before each House of Parliament within 15 days after the day on which the order is made or, if either House is not then sitting, on any of the first 15 days on which that House is sitting.

Marginal note:Leave of absence with salary

156 The Governor in Council may, for any period that the Governor in Council considers appropriate, grant leave of absence to any person, other than a judge, whose removal from office is recommended because of infirmity in a report provided under subsection 139(1) and, if leave of absence is granted, the person’s salary is to continue to be paid during the period of leave of absence.

DIVISION 4General

Marginal note:Powers, rights and duties not affected

157 Nothing in, or done or omitted to be done under the authority of, this Part affects any power, right or duty of the Senate, the House of Commons or the Governor in Council in relation to the removal from office of a judge or any other person.

Marginal note:Decision final

158 A decision made by a member of the Council under any of Divisions 1 to 3 or by a member of a panel established under any of those Divisions is final and is not to be questioned or reviewed in any court other than provided for in this Part.

Marginal note:Remote appearance

159 For greater certainty, any proceedings or hearings under this Part may take place by remote appearance.

Marginal note:Annual report

• 160 (1) The Council shall, within three months after the end of each calendar year, submit a report to the Minister setting out, in respect of the year, the number of

  • (a) complaints received;

  • (b) complaints dismissed by a screening officer;

  • (c) complaints dismissed by a reviewing member;

  • (d) complaints reviewed by review panels, hearing panels and appeal panels; and

  • (e) complaints in respect of which any of the actions referred to in paragraphs 102(a) to (g) were taken.

• Marginal note:Report to be made public

  (2) After the annual report is submitted to the Minister, the Council shall make it public.